| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
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| Research Abstract |
American foreign policy in the 1990s experienced changes both on the international level and the domestic level.In a sense, the domestic shift toward the right was induced by the end of Cold War.But such conservative shift of American politics has worked negatively in the establishment of the post Cold-War international order.
The conservatism in the 1990s can be divided into two major groups : social conservatism and fiscal conservatism.The former became conspicuous since the 1970s, and the latter cyclically became dominant in American political history, although more extreme in the present time.This is partly due to the over-all right shift of American politics, including Clinton's third way, which forced the conservatives to be more so.
Congress serves as the major vehicle of conservative policy making.Fiscal conservative pursued its agenda by cutting diplomatic expenditure while increasing national defense fund, an isolationist policy direction.Social conservatives forced American values, especially Christian values, upon others by imposing sanctions.Such case as refusing IMF fund increase because of the opposition to abortion caused among other nations the loss of confidence in the United States as the leader of post Cold-War international order.
The fact that Congressional Republicans, especially on the House side, only experienced the minority status affected this development as well.The Republicans lacked in the responsibility of the majority to pass laws, while were good at debating on principles as minority.The re-consideration of what conservatism means in the face of 2000 presidential election, thus, might serve American society well, by rectifying the existing extreme trend of conservatism, not just in domestic arena but in the foreign policy area..
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