| Project/Area Number |
08680090
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
体育学
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| Research Institution | University of Tsukuba |
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Principal Investigator |
AE Michiyoshi University of Tsukuba, Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, Associate Professor, 体育科学系, 助教授 (10175721)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
FUJII Norihisa University of Tsukuba, Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, Assistant Profess, 体育科学系, 講師 (10261786)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1996 – 1997
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1997)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
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| Keywords | elderly / walking / fall / biomechanics / motion analysis / stepping over motion |
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| Research Abstract |
The purpose of this study was to analyze the motions of elderly and young people in stepping over obstacles and to obtain information to prevetn serious falls in the elderly. Twenty-five elderly and 12 young males stepping over obstacles of three different heights were videotaped with a high speed video camera and were analyzed with biomechanical methods. Major results were summarized as follows.
1.With the increase in obstacle heights, walking velocity decreased, but significant change in clearance height was not found both groups.
2.With the increase in obstacle heights, flexions of the limb, especially the hip (thigh) of the leading leg increased in both groups. In the elderly, swing of the upper arm disappeared and the forward lean of the trunk rapidly increased after the right foot landing at high obstacle.
3.Pattern of vertical ground reaction force of the support leg had two peaks with larger dip in the young when stepping over high obstacle. Two types of GRF patterns were found in the elderly, i.e. one was similar to that of the young, and another did not show large dip.
4.Around the obstacle clearance of the toe, extension torque of the hip was dominant. With the increase in obstacle height, for both groups there found increases in negative extension torque power at the clearance and negative flexion torque power before the foot landing for the hip of the leading leg. Torque and power patterns in the support leg were similar to those of normal walking. Mechanical work of the hip was significantly larger in the young than the elderly.
Since lowering strategy for recovery from a trip pertubation during walking frequently appeared, the importance of the hip musculature was suggested to prevent serious falls in the elderly.
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