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Studies on the dynamic structure of persistent and productive pasture ecosystems

Research Project

Project/Area Number 09306018
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Zootechnical science/Grassland science
Research InstitutionIBARAKI UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

YAMAMURA Yasuo (1998-1999)  IBARAKI Univ. Fac. Of Sci. Assoc. Prof., 理学部, 助教授 (50202388)

大久保 忠且 (1997)  茨城大学, 理学部, 教授 (90115535)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) SUGIYAMA Shuichi  HIROSAKI Univ. Fac. Of Agr. Assoc. Prof., 農学部, 助教授 (00154500)
HORI Yoshimichi  IBARAKI Univ. Fac. Of Sci. Prof., 理学部, 教授 (30125801)
SHIYOMI Masae  IBARAKI Univ. Fac. Of Sci. Prof., 理学部, 教授 (80250976)
SAWADA Hitoshi  SHIZUOKA Univ. Fac. Of Agr. Prof., 農学部, 教授 (10183831)
HIRATA Masahiko  MIYAZAKI Univ. Fac. Of Agr. Assoc. Prof., 農学部, 助教授 (20156673)
山村 靖夫  茨城大学, 理学部, 助教授 (50202388)
Project Period (FY) 1997 – 1999
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1999)
Budget Amount *help
¥10,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥4,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥6,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,700,000)
Keywordsgrassland ecology / pasture / persistent ecosystem / species diversity / spatial heterogeneity / model analysis / 持続的生産力 / 草地生態系 / 植物の繁殖特性 / 光合成 / シミュレーションモデル / 草地 / 多様性 / 持続性 / 不均一性 / モデル
Research Abstract

(1) Analyses of biological factors of persistency : In order to clarify biological factors responsible for persistency of grasslands, adaptive strategy of major temperate grass species was investigated in relation to tradeoff between growth performance and stress tolerance. The extent of intraspecific genetic variation in adaptive strategy was also examined and discussed in relation to grassland managements. To know the reason for instability of pasture vegetation we conducted some manipulations on some pastures. Selective grazing was the main reason for instability of pasture vegetalion.
(2) Ecology of grassland species : Ecological aspects of reproduction were studied for some pasture plants. Some properties of clonal reproduction in Trifolium repens and the condition for consistence of wind pollination and extended flowering in Anthoxanthum odoratum were shown. The leaf dynamics of bracken in semi-natural grassland was investigated. The pattern of leaf emergence was associated with cumulative air temperatures and seasonal change of photosynthetic activity.
(3) Modeling of the vegetation dynamics and distribution pattern : A model of canopy dynamics of a bahia grass sward was constructed, dealing with a tiller as a basic unit. This model enables us to examine the effects of sward management and meteorology on the dynamics of tiller density, herbage mass, sward height and leaf area index. In semi-natural grasslands in Tochigi Prefecture, small-scale spatial heterogeneity in plant species community was measured based on a new method. The relationship between the spatial heterogeneity and the species diversity was expressed by a model.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1999 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1998 Annual Research Report
  • 1997 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (38 results)

All Other

All Publications (38 results)

  • [Publications] Hirata,M.: "Dynamics of the horizonatal distribution of herbage mass in a bahiagrass(Paspalum notatum)pasture grazed by cattle :stability of spatial pattern of herbage mass."Grassland Science. 44. 166-172 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Pakiding,W.: "Tillering in a bahiagrass(Paspalum notatum)pasture under cattle grazing:results from the first two years."Tropical Grassland. 33. 170-176 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hori,Y.: "Population structure and dynamics of an evergreen shade herb,Ainsliaea apiculata(Asteraceae) with special reference to herbivore effects."Ecological Research. 14. 27-36 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kobayashi,T.: "Species diversity of the understory dominated by dwarf-bamboo Pleioblastus chino in a secondary forest with different years after the last mowing."J.Japn.Soc.of Revegetation Technology. 24. 201-207 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kobayashi,T.: "Trampling of apoa annua L.increases the tensile strength of aerial organs."Grassland Science. 45. 95-97 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kobayashi,T.: "Photosynthesis and seeding survival of weeds with different trampling susceptibilities under contrasting light and water conditions."J.Weed Science and Technology. 44. 195-204 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sawada,H.: "Genetic variation in clonal traits of atrifolium repens and species interactions."Plant Species Biology. 14. 19-28 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shiyomi,M.: "Negative hypergeometric series and Taylor's power law in occurrence of plant populations in semi-natural grasslands in Japan."Proceedings of the 18th International Grassland Congress. 21. 37-38 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shiyomi,M.: "Spatial pattern changes in aboveground plant biomass in a grazing pasture."Ecological Research. 13. 313-322 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shiyomi,M.: "Beta-binomial series and power law in occurrence of plant populations in semi-natural grassland."International Symposium on Grassland Management. The Inner Mongolia Univ.Press.. 35-43 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shiyomi,M.: "Model for the spatial pattern formed by a small herd in grazing cattle."Ecological Modelling. 119. 231-238 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shiyomi,M.: "Measures of spatial heterogeneity for species occurrence or disease incidence with finitecounts."Ecological Research. 15. 13-20 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sugiyama,S.: "Plasticity of seed output in relation to soil nutrients and density in Abutilon theophrasti:implications for maintenance of genetic variation."Oecologia. 112. 35-41 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sugiyama,S.: "Size dependence of reproductive allocation:The influence of resource availability,competition and genetic identity."Functional Ecology. 12. 280-288 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sugiyama,S.: "Differences in competitive ability and cold tolerance between diploid and autotetraploid cultivars in alolium perenne."Euphytica. 103. 55-59 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sugiyama,S.: "Genetic variation in the relative dominance of mixed swards:potential influence and its mechanism."Grassland Science. 44. 303-309 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirata, M.: "Dynamics of the horizontal distribution of herbage mass in a bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) pasture grazed by cattle : stability of spatial pattern of herbage mass"Grassl.Sci.. 44. 166-172 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Pakiding, W.: "Tillering in a bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) pasture under cattle grazing : results from the first two years"Trop.Grassl.. 33. 170-176 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hon, Y.: "Population structure and dynamics of an evergreen shade herb, Ainsliaea apiculata (Asteraceae) with special reference to herbivore effects"Ecological Research. 14. 27-36 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kobayashi, T.: "Species diversity of the understory dominated by dwarf-bamboo Pleioblastus chino in a secondary forest with different years after the last mowing"J.Japn.Soc.of Revegetation Technology. 24. 201-207 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kobayashi, T.: "Trampling of Poa annua L.increases the tensile strength of aerial organs"Glassland Science. 45. 95-97 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kobayashi, T.: "Photosynthesis and seedling survival of weeds with different trampling susceptibilities under contrasting light and water conditions"J.Weed Science and Technology. 44. 195-204 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sawada, H.: "Genetic variation in clonal traits of Trifolium repens and species interactions"Plant Species Biology. 14. 19-28 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shiyomi, M: "Negative hypergeometnic series and Taylor's power law in occurrence of plant populations in semi-natural grasslands in Japan"Proceedings of the 18ィイD1thィエD1 International Grassland Congress. 21. 37-38 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shiyomi, M: "Spatial pattern changes in aboveground plant biomass in a grazing pasture"Ecological Research. 13. 313-322 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shiyomi, M: "Beta-binomial series and power law in occurrence of plant populations in-semi-natural grassland"International Symposium on Grassland Management : The Inner Mongolia Univ.Press.. 35-43 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shiyomi, M.: "Model for the spatial pattern formed by a small herd in grazing cattle"Ecological Modeling. 119. 231-238 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shiyomi, M.: "Measures of spatial heterogeneity for species occurrence or disease incidence with finite-counts"Ecological Research. 15. 13-20 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sugiyama S.: "Plasticity of seed output in relation to soil nutrients and density in Abutilon theophrasti : implications for maintenance of genetic variation"Oecologia. 112. 35-41 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sugiyama S.: "Size dependence of reproductive allocation : The influence of-resource availability, competition and genetic identity"Functional Ecology. 12. 280-288 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sugiyama, S.: "Differences in competitive ability and cold tolerance between diploid and autotetraploid cultivars in Lolium perenne"Euphytica. 103. 55-59 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sugiyama, S: "Genetic variation in the relative dominance of mixed swards : potential influence and its mechanism"Grassland Science. 44. 303-309 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sugiyama,S.: "Genetic variation in the relative dominance of mixed swards: potential influence and its mechanism."Grassland Science. 44. 303-309 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 杉山修一、中嶋博: "北海道におけるオーチャードグラス自然集団の分布と分化"日本草地学会誌. 45. 187-192 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Pakiding,W and M.Hirata: "Tillering in a bahia grass (Paspalum notatum) pasture under cattle grazing : results from the first two years."Tropical Grassland. 33. 170-176 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 沢田均、沢田智恵: "ハルガヤ(Anthoxanthum odoratum L.)における花序の開花中・開花後の顕著な上昇"日本草地学会誌. 印刷中.

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shiyomi,M.and Tuiki,M: "Model for the spatial pattern formed by a small herd in grazing cattle."Ecological Modeling. 119. 231-238 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Maeda,K.,Yamamura,Y.,Ozawa,H.,and Hori,Y.: "A comparison of photosynthetic capacity between Myrica gale var.Tomentosa,a nitrogen-fixing shrub,and co-occurring species in an oligotrophic moor."Photosynthetica. 36. 11-20 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1998-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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