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Distribution of Amino Acid Racemases and D-Amino Acids in Archaea and Their Function

Research Project

Project/Area Number 09460053
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 応用微生物学・応用生物化学
Research InstitutionTokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (1998-1999)
The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (1997)

Principal Investigator

YOHDA Masafumi  Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Associate Professor, 工学部, 助教授 (50250105)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) EASKI Nobuyoshi  Kyoto University, Institute for Chemical Research, Professor, 化学研究所, 教授 (50135597)
IMAI Kazuhiro  The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Professor, 大学院・薬学系研究科, 教授 (50012620)
KAGAWA Yasuo  Kagawa Nutrition University, Department of Medical Chemistry, Professor, 医化学研究室, 教授 (30048962)
MARUYAMA Tadashi  Marine Biotechnology Institute, Kamaishi Laboratories, Senior Researcher, 釡石研究所, 主任研究員
Project Period (FY) 1997 – 1999
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1999)
Budget Amount *help
¥13,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,600,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥3,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥7,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,200,000)
KeywordsAmino Acid Racemase / D-Amino Acid / Archaea / Hyperthermophile / Epimerase / Aspartic Acid / Diaminopimelate / PLP Independent / 超好熱性菌
Research Abstract

We have revealed that D-amino acids exist ubiquitously in hyperthermophilic archaea, Pyrococcus and Thermococcus strains. Especially, aspartic acid was almost completely racemized. The full length gene of aspartate racemase was cloned from Thermococcus strain KS-8, and it was expressed in E.coli. The recombinant protein exhibited high aspartate racemase activity at 70 ℃ and trace glutamate racemase activity. Several aspartate racemase homologue genes were found in the total genomic sequences of hyperthermophilic archaea. Among them, two aspartate racemase homologues of Pyrococcus horikoshii (PH0670, PH 1733), and one homologue of Archaeoglobus fulgidus (AF l422) were expressed in E.coli. All of them were highly expressed, and easily purified by heat treatment and chromatography. Among them, only PH0670 exhibited asparate racemase activity. The Km and Kcat values were estimated to be 3.6 E-3 (M) and 4.2E-10 (mol/sec), respectively. On the contrary, PH 1733 and AF1422 showed no aspartate racemase activity. The fact that they are highly homologous to 0rfX of E.coli suggested that they have diaminopimelate epimerase activity. However, they could not epimerize an enantiomer of diaminopimelate. We could have make crystals of PH0670, PH1733, AF1422 and Archaeoglobus diaminopimelate epimerase. In addition, we have found that aspartic acid in Themoplasma acidophilum was also highly racemized.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1999 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1998 Annual Research Report
  • 1997 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (15 results)

All Other

All Publications (15 results)

  • [Publications] Matsumoto,M et al.: "Occurrence of Free D-Amino Acids and Aspartate Racemases' in Hyperthermophilic Archaea"Journal of Bacteriology. 181. 6560-6563 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Lee et al: "D-Aspartate localization in the rat pituitary gland and retina"Brain Research. 838. 193-199 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nagata et al: "D-Aspartate Stimulation of testosterone synthesis' in rat Leydig cells'"FEBS Letters'. 444. 160-164 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Matsumoto, M.et al.: "Occurrence of Free D-Amino Acids and Aspartate Racemases in Hyperthermophilic Archaea"Journal of Bacteriology. 181. 6560-6563 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Lee, J.A.et al.: "D-aspartate localization in the rat pituitary gland and retina."Brain Research. 838. 193-199 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nagata, Y.et al.: "D-Aspartate stimulation of testosterone synthesis in rat Leydig cells."FEBS Letters. 444. 160-4 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Matsumoto M. et al.: "Occurrence of Free D-Amino Acids and Aspartate Racemases in Hyperthermophilic Archaea"Journal of Bacteriology. 181. 6560-6563 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Lee et al.: "D-Aspartate localization in the rat pituitary gland and retina"Brain Research. 838. 193-199 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nagata et al.: "D-Aspartate stimulation of testosterone synthesis in rat leydig cells"FEBS Letters. 444. 160-164 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Takao Yoshida: "Structural and Functional Characterization of Homo-oligomeric Complexes of α and β Subunits from the Hyperthermophilic Archaeum,Thermococcus strain KS1." J.Mol.Biol.273. 635-645 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Takao Yoshida: "Characterization of Homo-oligomeric Complexes of α and β Chaperonin Subunits from the Acidothermophilic Archaeon,Sulfolobus sp.Strain 7" Biochem Biophys.Res.Commun.242. 640-647 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Toshii Iida: "Alpha and beta subunits of a vacuolar-type membrane ATPase in a hyperthermophilic sulfur-dependent archaeum,Thermococcus sp.KI." BBA Membrane.1329. 12-17 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Toshii Iida: "Gene for acylcophilin-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase from a halophilic archaeum,Halobacterium cutirubrum" Gene. 204. 139-144 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kumiko Sakai: "Localization of D-aspartic acid in elongate spermatids in rat testis" Arch.Biochem.Biophys.in press.350. (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kumiko Sakai: "D-Aspartic acid localization during postnatal development of rat adrenal gland" Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.235. 433-435 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1997-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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