| Project/Area Number |
09480233
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Neuroscience in general
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| Research Institution | KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE |
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Principal Investigator |
TOYAMA Keisuke KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY,PROFESSOR, 医学部, 教授 (90090505)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
INOKAWA Hitoshi KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY,ASSISTANT PROF, 医学部, 助手 (40285250)
HIGASHI Shuji KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY,ASSISTANT PROF, 医学部, 助手 (30228704)
KUROTANI Tohru KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY,LECTURER, 医学部, 講師 (50195591)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1997 – 1998
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1998)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥13,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥11,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,600,000)
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| Keywords | PLASTICITY / fast LTP / slow LTP / protein kinase / visual cortex / staurosporine / protein kinase / 可塑性 / 視覚野 |
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| Research Abstract |
In vitro study of rat visual cortical plasticity
A debate between the prenatal vs. postnatal theory has long been one of the central issues in neuroscience. Recently, it has been shown that two basic structures in the cerebral cortex, the layer and columnar organizations, depend on the gene and learning, respectively. We have been studying the plasticity responsible for learning of the columnar organization in the visual cortex by in vitro approach, investigating the plasticity as long term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission in the rat visual cortical slices. We found two types of LTPs. Fast (fLTP) developed almost immediately (in 5 min.) after theta-burst stimulation of the white matter while slow LTP (sLTP) developed gradually (in one hour). The two LTPs exhibited the following distinct properties. First, the fLTP occurred in the adult as well as young rat slices, while the sLTP preferentially occurred in the young slices. Second, the induction of the fLTP was blocked by blockers of the NMDA receptors (APV) while that of the sLTP was blocked by blockers of the voltage-gated Ca channels as well as those of the protein and RNA syntheses. Third, sLTP expressed in the first and second order geniculo-cortical synapses while fLTP expressed in the axon collateral synapses in layers 5 and 6. These findings indicate that the sLTP is the substrate for the developmental plasticity underlying formation of columnar structures such as the ocular dominance and orientation columns while the fLTP is that for the adult plasticity underlying learning phenomena such as adaptation.
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