| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥1,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000)
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| Research Abstract |
In the Study on Strategic Implications of Economic Sanctions, firstly, the essence of economic statecraft inherent in economic sanctions is clearly pointed out on the assumption that the practice of physical power in the name of economic sanctions would put negative impacts on strategic interactions among or between nation-states, and also cost-effectiveness analysis is made in both cases of multilateral and unilateral lateral sanctions. Secondly, regarding the international implications of ambiguous use of positive economic sanctions and negative economic sanctions, it has been well illustrated that there are high probabilities it might lead to negative outcome of either 'security dilemma' or 'prisoner's dilemmsa'.
At the same time, as a historical example of economic sanctions practiced by Japan, the diplomatic process of negotiations between Japan and other four countries of COCOM (Coordinating Committee on Export Control against the Communist. Bloc) in 1952 for the purpose of incorp
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orating Japan into global embargoes system against communist countries was examined through careful analysis of declassified documents and cleared up the prototype of trade controls pol icy as one of the policy system of Japan's economic statecraft. Namely, the prototype is that since Japan participated in multilateral export control regime it has had an intermediary position or played a role as a mediator in the games of confliets and compromises between the U.S. who has pursued a maximalist approach and West European countries who insisted consistently a minimalist approach. This attitude of Japan has been continued even in multilateral non-proliferation export control regimes after the end of the Cold War.
Furthermore, other strategic interactions closely related to economic sanctions have been analysed from multifaceted aspects ; (1) current critical issue of nuclear weapons related technology leakage from the U.S. to China, (2) technology security issues as well exemplified in encryption technology, (3) economic sanctions in relation to new ideology of democratization and marketization after the end of the Cold War. In these analysis, the emphasis has been put on the importance of the roles played by state actors as well as non-state actors including individuals. Less
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