| Project/Area Number |
09640833
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
人類学(含生理人類学)
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
KIMURA Tasuku Division of Anthropology, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Professor, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (20161565)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
NISHIZAWA Satoshi Department of Kinesiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Research, 研究員 (00270661)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1997 – 1998
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1998)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥2,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000)
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| Keywords | Bipedal walking / Ontogeny / Acquisition of bipedalism / Kinetics / Kinematics / One-year-old infant / Balance / Development |
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| Research Abstract |
The ontogenetical development of human infant walking was kineticafly and kinematically studied. The study proposed empirical knowledge on the development of walking and shed light on the human acquisition of bipedalism.
136 trials of 39 infants (21 males and 18 females) until 5 years of age were kinesiologically measured their independent walking. Longitudinal measurements were repeated on 15 infants (10 males and 5 fema1es) until 2 years of age. The number of longitudinal trials was 92 in independent walking and, in addition, 16 dependent walking. Data from two force plates, two VTR cameras, and a three-dimensional movement analyzing system were synchronized and recorded the movement and the force. The thickness of lower limb muscles was measured using the ultrasonic apparatus. Walking patterns of one-year-old infant were extracted on the time, posture, and foot force. Differences and similarities between the patterns in infants and adults were pointed out. Almost all of them are newly discovered in the present study. Two of them are summarized as follows :
I) In many of walking parameters the infants do not develop evenly to the adults. Their development is very rapid in the earlier half of the one year of age.
2) Duration of walking experience influences the ability of progressed walking. Infants with a longer experience of independent gait can walk more skillfully, when comparisons are made by controlling chronological age.
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