| Project/Area Number |
09672179
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Chemical pharmacy
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| Research Institution | Kobe Pharmaceutical university |
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Principal Investigator |
TANAHASHI Takao Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Pharmaceutical University Associate Professor, 薬学, 助教授 (20171811)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HAMADA Nobuo Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Chief Research, 研究主任 (40270764)
TAKENAKA Yukiko Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Pharmaceutical University Assistant, 薬学部, 助手 (90289041)
ITOH Atsuko Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Pharmaceutical University Lecturer, 薬学部, 講師 (10223132)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1997 – 1998
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1998)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥1,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000)
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| Keywords | lichen mycobiont / culture of isolated mycobiont / phenolic compounds / structure elucidation / biosynthesis |
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| Research Abstract |
Lichens produce a variety of lichen substances, several of which have been found to exhibit a wide range of potentially useful biological activities. Recently, cultures of lichen mycobionts were shown to be capable of producing certain lichen substances or novel metabolites under osmotically stressed conditions. In the course of our searches for new bioactive compounds, we cultivated the spore-derived mycobionts of several species of lichens and isolated diverse compounds from their cultures.
The cultured lichen mycobionts of Graphis cognata collected in Japan, yielded altemariol along with graphislactones A and C.Mycobionts of G.prunicola, which were collected in USA, produced graphislactones A-D.Feeding experiments of ^<13>C-acetate with the cultured mycobionts of G.prunicola resulted in the isolation of two new metabolites and determination of the biosynthetic pathway to graphislactones via altemariol. From the cultured lichen mycobionts of Pyrenulajaponica collected in Japan and P.pseudobufonia collected in USA, four new xanthones with a methyl group at C-3 as well as a fungal metabolite sclerotiorin were isolated and characterized. Furthermore, the cultured mycobionts of Lecanora cinereocarenea yielded three new dibenzofurans, while the cultured mycobionts of Xanthoria polycarpa and Caloplaca elegans yielded five known anthraquinones.
It is of great interest to know that lichen mycobionts of the same genus are able to produce the same secondary substances. Although the isolated metabolites have not yet been found in lichenized conditions, they appear to be commonly produced in mycobionts isolated from highly unrelated locations. The biological significance in the production of the metabolites is still unknown. However, the occurrence of various products in the cultures of mycobionts may account for a better chance of survival of the mycobiont in pre-lichenized condition and give informations about their evolution and symbiosis.
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