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Study on the function and the responsibilities of ethics committees in Japan

Research Project

Project/Area Number 09672297
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Medical sociology
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

AKABAYASHI Akira  University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Assistant Professor, 大学院・医学系研究科, 講師 (70221710)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) KIMURA Rihito  Waseda University, School of Human Sciences, Professor, 人間科学部, 教授 (80195388)
OHI Gen  University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, professor Emeritus, 大学院・医学系研究科, 名誉教授 (70114410)
KAI Ichiro  University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, professor, 大学院・医学系研究科, 教授 (30126023)
HOSHINO Kazumasa  Kyoto Women'S University, Institute of Religion and Culture, professor, 宗教文化研究所, 教授 (80111962)
Project Period (FY) 1997 – 1999
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1999)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Keywordsethics committees / questionnaire / bioethics / medical ethics / clinical ethics / ethics education / clinical trials / 生命倫理 / バイオエシックス / 医学系学会 / 大学医学部 / 一般病院 / 医系学会
Research Abstract

The growing number of ethics committees (ECs) indicates that significant changes have occurred in the decision making process in the clinical setting in Japan. The purposes of this study are to : 1) investigate the current status ; 2) make guidelines for establishing and running an EC in a general hospital setting ; 3) to explore the degree of discretion and responsibility of the EC, and 4) to make a comprehensive proposal. To achieve the above goals, several surveys were conducted.
1) General hospitals (1996). A self-administered questionnaire was sent to directors of 3,098 general hospitals (recovery rate: 44%). About 15% had ECs. The problems they faced were unclearness of their responsibilities , financial issues , and no uniform decision making criteria.
2) Medical schools (1995-1996). A self-administered questionnaire was sent to the EC of all 80 medical schools, asking about the current status (recovery rate: 100%). More than half of them answered that they would review issues independently from academic societies and ministries.
3) Academic societies (1998). A self-administered questionnaire was sent to directors of 137 societies (recovery rate: 88%). Twenty-eight societies had ECs. Most societies answered that they would not intervene but just make objections when their opinions conflicted with medical schools' decisions.
4) The Ministry of Health and Welfare (1999). Semi-structured interviews were performed with two officers who were engaged in policy making. The Ministry basically regulates and intervenes in the issues that are legalized such as organ transplantation. Other issues are handled case by case.
Finally, for the question "Is the Japanese EC system unique?", we would answer that factors such as member constitution, location, and topics discussed seem to be similar to ones in other countries . Rather than the outlook, the difference might exist in its decision making procedures such as a consensus-seeking tendency, and needs further analysis.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1999 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1998 Annual Research Report
  • 1997 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (43 results)

All Other

All Publications (43 results)

  • [Publications] Akabayashi, A., et al.: "Truth telling in the case of a pessimistic dianosis in Japan"Lancet. 354. 1263-1263 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi, A., et al.: "Family consent, communication, and advance directive for cancer disclosure: A Japanese case and discussion"Journal of Medical Ethics. 25(4). 296-301 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Miyasaka, M., et al.: "An international survey of medical ethics curricula in Asia"Journal of Medical Ethics. 25(6). 514-521 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi, A.: "Transplantation from a brain dead donor in Japan"The Hastings Center Report. 29(3). 48-48 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 赤林朗 ら: "医学部5年生に対する「生命・医療倫理」についての意識調査"医学教育. 30. 221-226 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 赤林朗 ら: "医学部・医科大学における医の倫理教育に関する調査報告"医学教育. 30. 47-53 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi A., Kai, I., Takemura. H., Okazaki. H.: "Truth telling in the case of a pessimistic diagnosis in Japan"The Lancet. 354. 1263 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi A., Fetters, M. D., Elwyn, T. S.: "Family consent, communication, and advance directive for cancer disclosure : A Japanese case and discussion."J. of Medical Ethics. 25. 296-301 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi A.: "Transplantation from a brain dead donor in Japan."The Hastings Center Report May-June. 29(3). 48 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi A., Kai, I.: "Study of 5th-Year Medical Student Interest in Medical Ethics and Related Factors."Medical Education (Japan). 30 (in Japanese). 77-82 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi A., Miyasaka, M., Kai, I et al.: "Survey of Medical Ethics Education in Japanese Medical Schools."Medical Education (Japan). 30 (in Japanese). 47-53 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi A., Fetters, M.D.: "Paying for informed consent."J. of Medical Ethics. (in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Voltz, R, Akabayashi A., Reese, C., et al.: "Attitude of health care professionals towards clinical decisions in palliative care : A crosscultural comparison"J. of Clinical Ethics. (in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Voltz, R., Akabayashi A., Reese, C., et al.: "End-of-life decisions and advance directives in palliative care : A cross cultural survey of patients and health care professionals."J. of Pain and Symptom Manag.. 16. 153-162 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Takai, A., Wongkhomthong, S., Akabayashi A. et al.: "Correlation between history of contact with people living with HIV/AIDS (PWAs) and Tolerant Attitudes toward HIV/AIDS and PWAs in rurar Thailand."Int. J. STD and AIDS/. 9. 482-484 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi A.: "Female circumcision - A health issue or human rights issue."Health Care Analysis. 6(1). 55-58 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ohi, G., Akabayashi, A., et al.: "Japan's health care systems as egalitarian : A brief analysis of its history and selected"Health Care Analysis. 6(2). 141-149 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nishimura-Takahashi. T., Akabayashi A., Kai, I., et al.: "Social and Behavioral Factors Associated with condom use among female commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Tarlac the Philippines."Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine. 2. 167-171 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi A.: "Finally done - Japan's final decision on organ transplantation"The Hastings Center Report Sep-Oct. 27(5). 47 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi, A.: "Questions raised over release of side-effects data in Japan."The Lancet. 350 : 9071. 124 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi A.: "Japan's parliament passes brain-death law."The Lance. 349 : 9069. 1895 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ohi, G., Uemura, Akabayashi A. et al.: "Preventive behaviors against HIV transmission adopted by Japanese commercial sex workers."Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine. 3. 132-134 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Voltz, R, Akabayashi A., Reese, C., et al.: "Organization and patients' perception of palliative care : A crosscultural comparison."Palliative Medicine. 11. 351-357 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi A., Kai, I., Itoh, K., Tsukui, K.: "Acceptability of advance directive in Japanese Society : A questionnaire study for healthy people in the physical check-up settings."J. Japan Association for Bioethics. 7(1) (in Japanese). 31-40 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fukatsu, N., Akabayashi, A., Kai I.: "The current status of ethics committees and decision making procedures in general hospitals in Japan."J. Japan Association for Bioethics. 7(1) (in Japanese). 130-136 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi A.: "The concept of happiness in oriental thought and its significance in clinical medicine."Hoshino, K. ed., Japanese and Western Bioethics, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands. 161-164 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1999 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akabayashi, A, et al.: "Truth telling in the case of a pessimistic diagnosis in Japan"Lancet. 354. 1263-1263 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akabayashi, A, et al.: "Family consent, communication and advance directives for cancer disclosure : A Japanese case and discussion"Journal of Medical Ethics. 25(4). 296-301 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Miyasaka, M, et al.: "An international survey of medical ethics curricula in Asia"Journal of Medical Ethics. 25(6). 514-521 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akabayashi, A.: "Transplantation from a Brain Dead Donor in Japan"The Hastings Center Report. 29(3). 48-48 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 赤林 朗ら: "医学部5年生に対する「生命.医療倫理」についての意識調査"医学教育. 30. 221-226 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 赤林 朗ら: "医学部・医科大学における医の倫理教育に関する調査報告"医学教育. 30. 47-53 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Voltz,R,Akabayashi,A.et.al: "End-of-life deusions and aduance directebes in palliatuie care" Journmal of Pain and Sympton Management. 16. 153-162 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akabayashi,A.: "Female circumcision-A healh issue or a human rights issue" Health Care Analysis. 6(1). 55-58 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ohi,G,Akabayashi,A et al.: "Japan's health care syitem as egalitarian" Health Care Analysis. 6(2). 141-149 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nishimura-Takahashi,T,Akabayasi,A,et al: "Social and Behavioral Factors Associated with Condom Use among female Comnercial Sex Worpers in Tarlac,the Philippine" Enoironmental Health and Preventue Mediaie. 2(4). 167-171 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Takai,A,Wonglihonthongl's Akabayashi,A,et al: "Correlation between history of contact with people lwing with HIV/AID" Int.J.STD and AIDS. 9. 482-484 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akabayashi,A: "Japan's parliament passes brain-death law" The Lancet. 349. 1895-1895 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akabayashi,A.: "Questions raised over release of side effects data in Japan" The Lancet. 350. 124-124 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 深津 宜子ら: "日本の一般病院における倫理委員会の設置状況及び倫理的問題への対応" 生命倫理. 7 (1). 130-136 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Voltz, et al.: "Organization and patient's perception of palliative care" Palliative Medicine. 11. 351-357 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akabayashi,A.: "Finally done Japan's final decision on organ transplantation" The Hastings Center Report. Sep-Oct. 47-47 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 赤林 朗ら: "アドバンスディレクティブに関する医師の意識調査" 日本医事新報. 3842. 24-29 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1997-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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