| Project/Area Number |
09680864
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Biomedical engineering/Biological material science
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| Research Institution | Tokai University |
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Principal Investigator |
ITO Atsushi Tokai University School of Engineering, Associate Professor, 工学部, 助教授 (80193473)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SHINOHARA Kunio The University of Tokyo, Faculty of Medicine, Professor, 大学院・医学系研究科, 教授 (10112088)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1997 – 1998
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1998)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥2,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000)
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| Keywords | Absorption spectrum / Absorption edge / XANES / Cell / Biomolecules / Synchrotron Radiation / X-ray microscopy / Chemical mapping |
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| Research Abstract |
It has been proposed that absorption peaks in XANES (X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure) profiles can be used for chemical mapping due to their molecular specific nature. However for molecular imaging of biological specimens, XANES which was measured in environments similar to biological specimens should be applied. This study presents XANES measurements in water and cellular environments in the soft X-ray region.
1. Measurement for biomolecules in water solution
XANES of sulfur-containing amino acids, tripeptides and proteins were measured at the S-K absorption edge using specimen chamber specially made for the use in vacuum. SH-containing molecules were discriminated from SS-containing molecules by the peak shift. In addition the shift did not depend on the molecular size of the specimens. Based on these results, we showed the possibility to the application of (1) estimation of the 55 content in proteins and (2) detection of glutathione level in specimen exposed to oxidative stress.
2. Measurement for mammalian cells and cellular organelles
XANES was measured for dried pellets of CHO cells, fractionated nucleus and mitochondria. At the N-K absorption edge XANES peaks corresponding to those of proteins and DNA were found for cells, nucleus and mitochondria. Similar results were obtained at the Ca-L and S-K absorption edges. These results suggest that XANES peaks obtained for biomolecules can be applied to the molecular imaging in a cell. Moreover this conclusion should be tested for other absorption edges.
3. Measurement for local regions in a cell
Absorption spectra of nuclear and cytoplasmic regions were measured at the S-K absorption edge using the contact microscopy with an electronic zooming tube. The absorption edge structure was clearly observed in both. areas. This result will be followed by the XANES measurement of small local regions, which provides the information about the chemical states of elements in a cell.
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