• Search Research Projects
  • Search Researchers
  • How to Use
  1. Back to previous page

極低温星間塵表面原子反応によるアミノ酸の生成機構

Research Project

Project/Area Number 09J02374
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section国内
Research Field Geochemistry/Astrochemistry
Research InstitutionHokkaido University

Principal Investigator

大場 康弘  北海道大学, 低温科学研究所, 特別研究員(PD)

Project Period (FY) 2009 – 2011
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2011)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
Keywordsメチルアミン / 重水素濃縮 / アミノ酸 / 星間塵表面反応 / トンネル効果 / 星間分子雲 / 表面原子反応 / 星間塵 / 分子雲 / 極低温 / 二酸化炭素 / アミン
Research Abstract

メチルアミンの部分重水素置換体,CH_3ND_2およびCD_3NH_2を用いて,それぞれをH原子およびD原子と反応させ,各置換基のH-DおよびD-H交換速度を求めた。メチルアミンのメチル基のH-D交換,D-H交換,そしてアミノ基のH-D交換,D-H交換速度定数をそれぞれRc_<H-D>,Rc_<D-H>,Rn_<H-D>,Rn_<D-H>とすると,Rc_<H->D > Rc_<D-H> >> Rn_<H-D> > Rn_<D-H>という関係が得られた。同じ置換基のH-DおよびD-H交換速度を比較すると,H-D交換,つまりD濃縮反応のほうが速いことが明らかになった。また,CH_3NH_2全体のH-D交換反応,およびCD_3ND_2全体のD-H交換反応の速度定数をそれぞれR_<H-D>,R_<D-H>,とすると,R_<H-D>〓Rc_<H-D>,R_<D-H>〓Rc_<D-H>という関係が成立した。これはメチル基の水素交換速度がメチルアミン全体の水素交換速度を支配していることを意味する。これは,メチル基・アミノ基の水素交換が同時に起きているためだといえる。
メチルアミンのD(H)濃縮反応は,D(H)原子によるH(D)引き抜き反応→D(H)原子付加反応によって進行すると考えられる。たとえば(1)CH_3NH_2 + D→CH_2NH_2 + HD,(2)CH_2NH_2 + D→CH_2DNH_2のように進む。反応(2)はラジカル同士の反応であるため,速やかに進む。一方,反応(1)には分子からH(D)原子を引き抜く際に,2000-5000Kというエネルギー障壁が存在する。~10Kという極低温では反応(1)に必要なエネルギーを得ることは難しく,熱的に反応は進行しない。したがって,反応(1)は量子的なトンネル効果によって進行したと結論できる。
本研究で,メチルアミンは水素同位体交換しやすい分子であることがわかった。これは,星間分子雲の重水素濃集モデルで見積もられている最大のD/H原子比(~0.05)と,R_<H-Dと>R_<D-H>の比(R_<H-D>/R_<D-H>たとえば~2at 10K)を考慮すると,星間分子雲でのメチルアミンは水素交換反応によってそのD/H比が10^<-2>オーダーであることを示唆する。これは,星間分子雲に存在するメタノールやホルムアルデヒドの高いD/H比(~10^<-2>-10^<-1>)に匹敵する。いまだメチルアミンの重水素置換体の存在は星間空間で確認されていないが,今後の発見が期待される。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2011 Annual Research Report
  • 2010 Annual Research Report
  • 2009 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (37 results)

All 2012 2011 2010 2009

All Journal Article (15 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 15 results) Presentation (22 results)

  • [Journal Article] Water Formation Through a Quantum Tunneling Surface Reaction, OH+H_2 at 10 K2012

    • Author(s)
      Y.Oba, et al
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 749 Issue: 1 Pages: 12-12

    • DOI

      10.1088/0004-637x/749/1/67

    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Experimental studies of surface reactions among OH radicals that yield H_2O and CO_2 at 40-60 K2011

    • Author(s)
      Oba Y., et al
    • Journal Title

      Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

      Volume: 13 Pages: 15792-15797

    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 星間分子雲における二酸化炭素生成に関する実験的研究2011

    • Author(s)
      大場康弘, et al
    • Journal Title

      地球化学

      Volume: 45 Pages: 213-226

    • NAID

      110008913804

    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 炭素質隕石中有機化合物の安定同位体組成とその同位体分別プロセスに関する研究(2010年度田口賞受賞記念論文)2011

    • Author(s)
      大場康弘
    • Journal Title

      Researches in Organic Geochemistry

      Volume: 27 Pages: 103-115

    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Formation of H_2O ice through the surface reaction O_2+H at low temperatures : Reaction kinetics and structure of the ice2011

    • Author(s)
      Y.Oba
    • Journal Title

      Physics and Chemistry of Ice 2010

      Pages: 361-368

    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Laboratory investigations of physico-chemical processes occurring in icy mantles on interstellar dust grains2011

    • Author(s)
      V.Pirronello
    • Journal Title

      Physics and Chemistry of Ice 2010

      Pages: 369-378

    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Formation of carbonic acid (H_2CO_3) by surface reactions of non-energetic OH radicals with CO molecules at low temperatures2010

    • Author(s)
      Y.Oba
    • Journal Title

      Astrophys. J

      Volume: 722 Pages: 1598-1606

    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Direct evidence for ammonium ion formation in ice through ultraviolet-induced acid-base reaction of NH_3 with H_3O^+2010

    • Author(s)
      E-S.Moon
    • Journal Title

      Astrophys. J.

      Volume: 713 Pages: 906-911

    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Experimental study of CO_2 formation by surface reactions of non-energetic OH radicals with CO molecules2010

    • Author(s)
      Y.Oba
    • Journal Title

      Astrophys. J.Lett.

      Volume: 712

    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Vertical carbon isotope change in acetate in a surface sediment from the northwestern Pacific Ocean2010

    • Author(s)
      Kaneko, M
    • Journal Title

      Researches in Organic Geochemistry

      Volume: 26 Pages: 73-79

    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Formation of compact amorphous H_2O ice by codeposition of hydrogen atoms with oxygen molecules on grain surfaces.2009

    • Author(s)
      Oba Y.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal 701

      Pages: 464-470

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Elemental and isotope behavior of macromolecular organic matter from CM chondrites during hydrous pyrloysis.2009

    • Author(s)
      Oba Y.
    • Journal Title

      Meteoritics and Planetary Science 44

      Pages: 943-953

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Oxygen isotope fractionation of dissolved oxygen during abiological reduction by aqueous sulfide.2009

    • Author(s)
      Oba Y.
    • Journal Title

      Chemical Geology 268

      Pages: 226-232

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Diel behavior of stable isotopes of dissolved oxygen and dissolved inorganic carbon in rives over a range of trophic conditions, and in a mesocosm experiment.2009

    • Author(s)
      Parker S.R.
    • Journal Title

      Chemical Geology 269

      Pages: 22-32

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 極低温星間塵表面原子反応による水分子生成2009

    • Author(s)
      大場康弘
    • Journal Title

      地球化学 43

      Pages: 117-131

    • NAID

      110009442257

    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Low-temperature surface reactions of non-energetic OH radicals of astrophysical interest2012

    • Author(s)
      Oba Y.
    • Organizer
      SASP2012
    • Place of Presentation
      The Conference Center del' Alpe d' Huez (France)
    • Year and Date
      2012-01-25
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] A role of reaction CO+OH for CO_2 formation in dense molecular clouds2011

    • Author(s)
      Oba Y.
    • Organizer
      Mini-Workshop on Gas-Grain Interactions in Interstellar Clouds
    • Place of Presentation
      東京大学(東京都)
    • Year and Date
      2011-10-28
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 低温表面反応による水分子生成とその同位体効果2011

    • Author(s)
      大場康弘
    • Organizer
      2011年度日本地球化学会年会
    • Place of Presentation
      北海道大学(札幌市)
    • Year and Date
      2011-09-16
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 星間塵表面におけるメチルアミンの水素同位体交換反応2011

    • Author(s)
      大場康弘
    • Organizer
      第29回有機地球化学シンポジウム
    • Place of Presentation
      九州大学(福岡市)
    • Year and Date
      2011-09-01
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Isotope effect on the formation of H_2O isotopologues by quantum tunneling reactions of H_2/HD/D_2 with non-energetic OH/OD radicals at low temperatures2011

    • Author(s)
      Oba Y.
    • Organizer
      MATRIX2011
    • Place of Presentation
      Univ.of British Columbia (Canada)
    • Year and Date
      2011-07-11
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Sequential hydrogenation of molecular oxygen on cold surfaces : reaction kinetics and structure of formed H2O ice2011

    • Author(s)
      Oba Y.
    • Organizer
      The Molecular Universe (IAU Symposium 280)
    • Place of Presentation
      Univ.of Castilia-La Mancha (Spain)
    • Year and Date
      2011-06-02
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Neutral radical-molecule reactions CO+OH on cold interstellar ices2011

    • Author(s)
      Oba Y.
    • Organizer
      The Molecular Universe (IAU Symposium 280)
    • Place of Presentation
      Univ.of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain)
    • Year and Date
      2011-06-02
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 高密度分子雲内部におけるラジカル-分子表面反応による二酸化炭素生成2011

    • Author(s)
      大場康弘
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2011年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      幕張メッセ(千葉県)
    • Year and Date
      2011-05-23
    • Related Report
      2011 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Experimental studies on surface reactions of CO molecules with cold OH radicals at 10-40 K2010

    • Author(s)
      Y.Oba
    • Organizer
      Pacifichem 2010
    • Place of Presentation
      Honolulu, Hawaii
    • Year and Date
      2010-12-18
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Formation of CO_2 and H_2CO_3 through non-energetic surface reactions at low temperatures2010

    • Author(s)
      Y.Oba
    • Organizer
      Workshop on Interstellar Matter 2010 (ISM2010) (invited)
    • Place of Presentation
      Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo
    • Year and Date
      2010-09-14
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Structure of H_2O ice formed by surface reactions of oxygen molecules with hydrogen atoms at low temperatures2010

    • Author(s)
      Yasuhiro, Oba
    • Organizer
      12^<th> International Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Ice (PCI2010) (invited)
    • Place of Presentation
      Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo
    • Year and Date
      2010-09-10
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Observational evidences of interstellar icy mantles on dust grains and laboratory investigations of physico-chemical processes2010

    • Author(s)
      Valerio, Pirronello
    • Organizer
      12^<th> International Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Ice (PCI2010)
    • Place of Presentation
      Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo
    • Year and Date
      2010-09-09
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 星間有機分子の重水素濃集:メチルアミン2010

    • Author(s)
      大場康弘
    • Organizer
      第28回有機地球化学シンポジウム
    • Place of Presentation
      石油資源開発株式会社長岡鉱業所, 長岡市
    • Year and Date
      2010-08-05
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Surface reactions of CO molecules with OH radicals at low temperatures2010

    • Author(s)
      Y.Oba
    • Organizer
      2010 Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      Taipei International Convention Center, Taipei, Taiwan
    • Year and Date
      2010-06-23
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Formation of compact amorphous water ice by surface atomic reactions at low temperatures2010

    • Author(s)
      A.Kouchi
    • Organizer
      2010 Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting (invited)
    • Place of Presentation
      Taipei, Taiwan
    • Year and Date
      2010-06-23
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Experimental study of CO_2 and H_2CO_3 formation by surface reactions of non-energetic OH radicals with CO molecules at very low temperatures2010

    • Author(s)
      Tetsuya, Hama
    • Organizer
      第26回化学反応討論会
    • Place of Presentation
      広島大学, 広島市
    • Year and Date
      2010-06-02
    • Related Report
      2010 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Surface reactions of hydrogen atoms with oxygen molecules at low temperatures : A potential route for the H_2O formation in space.2009

    • Author(s)
      Y.Oba
    • Organizer
      Horiba-ISSP International Symposium on "Hydrogen and water in condensed matter physics".
    • Place of Presentation
      Seimei-no Mori Resort, Chiba, Japan.
    • Year and Date
      2009-10-15
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 極低温表面反応CO+OHによるCO_2分子生成2009

    • Author(s)
      大場康弘
    • Organizer
      日本地球化学会第56回年会
    • Place of Presentation
      広島大学・東広島市
    • Year and Date
      2009-09-15
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Formation of compact amorphous H_2O ice by a reaction of hydrogen atoms with oxygen molecules at low temperatures.2009

    • Author(s)
      Y.Oba
    • Organizer
      Gordon Research Conferences, Matrix-Isolated Species, Physics & Chemistry Of.
    • Place of Presentation
      Magdalen College, Oxford, Uk
    • Year and Date
      2009-07-20
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Formation of interstellar ice by low temperature surface atomicreactions2009

    • Author(s)
      A.Kouchi
    • Organizer
      CRYO2009
    • Place of Presentation
      Hokkaido University, Sapporo
    • Year and Date
      2009-07-20
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 極低温表面原子反応による分子雲での分子進化2009

    • Author(s)
      香内晃
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2009年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      幕張メッセ・千葉市
    • Year and Date
      2009-05-21
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 極低温表面原子反応によるアモルファスH_2O氷生成2009

    • Author(s)
      大場康弘
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合2009年大会
    • Place of Presentation
      幕張メッセ・千葉市
    • Year and Date
      2009-05-20
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2009-04-01   Modified: 2024-03-26  

Information User Guide FAQ News Terms of Use Attribution of KAKENHI

Powered by NII kakenhi