| Project/Area Number |
10460022
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
植物保護
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| Research Institution | KOBE UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
TOSA Yukio The Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Associate Professor, 自然科学研究科, 助教授 (20172158)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
PARK Pyoyun The Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Professor, 自然科学研究科, 教授 (20147094)
NAKAYASHIKI Hitoshi Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Assistant Professor, 農学部, 助手 (50252804)
MAYAMA Shigeyuki Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (00112251)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1998 – 2000
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2000)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥8,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥2,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥4,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000)
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| Keywords | blast fungus / Magnaporthe grisea / species-specific parasitism / retrotransposon / blast fungus / Species-specific parasitism / retrotransposon. / いもち病菌 / 種特異的寄生性 / 特異性 |
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| Research Abstract |
Mechanisms of the species-specific parasitism in Magnaporthe grisea were investigated. An F1 population derived from a cross, a Setaria isolate x a Tritucum isolates, showed bifactorial segregation in the pathogenicity on wheat. These genes were designated as Pwt1 and Pwt2. Another F1 population derived from a cross, an Avena isolate and a Triticum isolate, showed monofactorial segregation on oat. This gene was designated as Pat1. Closely linked AFLP markers were found in bulked segregant analyses. Chromosome walking is under way toward cloning of those genes.
A phytotoxin was extracted from a Digitaria isolate. The toxin was revealed to be Pyrichalasin H.Among various gramineous plants, crabgrass (the host of Digtaria isolates) showed the highest susceptibility to this toxin. Pyrichalasin H was produced in a large quantity only by Digitaria isolates, and Pyrichalasin H-defidient mutants lost their pathogenicity on crabgrass. Crabgrass leaves treated with Pyrichalasin H became accessible to nonpathogens. These results suggested that Pyrichalasis H is a determinant of the species-specific parasitism of Digitaria isolates.
Retrotransposon MAGGY was the most active element among transposable elements that have been found in the genome of Magnaporthe grisea. MAGGY was present in Oryza isolates and Setaria isolates, but absent in other isolates. We assuned that this element may have been involved in the evolution of the race- cultivar specificity in those isolates.
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