| Project/Area Number |
10555275
|
|---|
| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
|
| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
|---|
| Section | 展開研究 |
|---|
| Research Field |
触媒・化学プロセス
|
|---|
| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
|---|
Principal Investigator |
OHTSUKA Yasuo Tohoku University, Inst.Chem.React.Sci., Associate Professor, 反応化学研究所, 助教授 (20091663)
|
|---|
| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
WANG Ye Tohoku University, Inst.Chem.React.Sci., Research Associate, 反応化学研究所, 助手 (40292304)
SHOJI Kazuo Toyo Engineering, Research Manager, 開発研究室長
|
|---|
| Project Period (FY) |
1998 – 2000
|
| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2000)
|
| Budget Amount *help |
¥12,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥2,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥4,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥4,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,500,000)
|
|---|
| Keywords | Carbon dioxide / Natural gas / Ethane / Ethylene / Composite oxide catalysts / ランタノイド酸化物 |
|---|
| Research Abstract |
The present project focuses on a novel method to convert CH_4 directly to C_2H_6 including C_2H_4 as a secondary product at low temperatures by utilizing CO_2 as an oxidant. When Pr and TB oxides are used under ambient pressure with a fixed- bed quartz reactor, the presence of CO_2 remarkably enhances the selective conversion of CH_4 to C_2H_6 with a formation of almost the same amount of CO from CO_2 at 450-650℃. Yield of C_2H_6 increases with increasing W/F and reaches 8 mol% at the highest, though their catalytic activity is unstable. It is likely that oxygen vacancies in these oxides play key roles in this low -temperature reaction.
In order to develop a composite oxide catalyst with high and stable performance, CeO_2, Cr_2O_3, orMnO_2 with high redox potential is modified with CaO with strong basicity by impregnating each oxide powder with Ca(NO_3) solution, followed air calcination .All of these binary catalysts show remarkable synergistic effects on C_2 formation at 850℃. C_2 selectivity and C_2 yield increase with increasing partial pressure of CO_2 , irrespective of the kind of catalyst, and the selectivity reaches 65-75% at 70 kPa. These catalysts provide stable performances with time on stream of 8 - 10 h. The TPD, XRD and XPS measurements strongly suggest that CO_2 first adsorbs on Ca^<2+> sites and the activation subsequently occurs on neighboring Ce^<3+>, Cr^<3+> or Mn^<2+> sites to yield active oxygen species, which work as the oxidant for selective formation of C_2 hydrocarbons.
In may be expectable that the present achievements develop into a direct conversion process of low- grade natural gas containing a large amount of Co_2 to valuable chemical feedstock.
|
