| Project/Area Number |
10660248
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
生物環境
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| Research Institution | University of Tsukuba |
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Principal Investigator |
YAMAGUCHI Tomoharu Institute of Agric. and Forest Engineering, Associate Professor, 農林工学系, 助教授 (40015839)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
ABE Yukuo Institute of Agric. and Forest Engineering, Professor, 農林工学系, 教授 (70015808)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1998 – 2000
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2000)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥1,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000)
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| Keywords | solar energy / saline water desalination / solar still / non-steady heat balance / evaporation stimulating / ultrasonic oscillation / solar-radiation absorber / multi-effect type / 日射吸熱膜 / 蒸発面積 / 被覆材 / 対流ファン / 吸熱膜 |
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| Research Abstract |
There are many ways of solar energy application in producing fresh water from brackish or seawater. The simplest and most common method is direct use of the solar energy in basin-type solar still which acts simultaneously as converters of solar energy to heat and as distillers. Objectives of this study is to analyze the basic performance of double slope basin-type stills and to develop the new concept for basin solar still equipped with evaporation stimulator. Results from experimental and theoretical works are as follows :
1) The effectiveness of gathering distilled water was varied with the kinds of covering materials for still. Rigid polyester film with anti-droplet treatment was most efficient to gather the water, and inner convection fan in solar still increased the amount of distilled water about 10% more. When the salt water of 3.5% concentration was used as source water, output of pure-water was decreased about 10% by comparing with use of tap water.
2) Productivities increased by about 10 to 20% when ultrasonic oscillation was loaded for every three types of radiation absorber in the basin. In comparison with no absorber condition, productivity of pure water using black plastic perforated sheet on water surface increased by about 20% without ultrasonic oscillation, and increased by about 50% with the ultrasonic oscillation.
3) Numerical calculation estimating performance of solar stills was done by using heat balance equation, and compared the results of calculation with those of experiments. Calculated values fairly fit the result of measurement. This calculation method seems to be useful for estimating the temperature of basin water and output of water.
4) Multi-effect type solar still was introduced and their performance was examined. Output of pure water in this still was about 7 times of the usual basin type solar still.
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