重力波を用いた重力理論の精密な検証

• Project/Area Number: 10J02592
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 国内
• Research Field: 素粒子・原子核・宇宙線・宇宙物理(理論)
• Research Institution: Kyoto University
• Principal Investigator: 西澤 篤志 京都大学, 基礎物理学研究所, 特別研究員(PD)
• Project Period (FY): 2010 – 2012
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2012)
• Budget Amount: ¥2,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000); Fiscal Year 2012: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000); Fiscal Year 2011: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000); Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
• Keywords: 重力波 / 修正重力理論 / ダークエネルギー / 重力理論の検証

Research Abstract

(1)修正重力理論の重力波伝播への影響
連星系からの重力波は宇宙大規模構造中を伝播する際に弱い重力レンズ効果により増光・減光を受ける。従来、この重力レンズ効果は観測における系統的雑音として考えられていたが、その大きさは宇宙大規模構造の成長具合に関する情報をもたらすので、宇宙膨張や修正重力理論での重力の強さを測るのに役立つ。我々はまず、重力波の受ける重力レンズ効果が宇宙論パラメータにどう依存するかを調べた。そして、複数の連星からの重力波を観測することにより将来の銀河サーベイ等を上回る精度で宇宙論パラメータ(物質パワースペクトル)を決定出来ることを示した。また、パラメータ化した修正重力理論のトイモデルでも非常に良い精度で宇宙論的距離での重力の強さを測定出来ることを示した。
(2)連星系からの重力波の偏極モードによる重力理論の検証
重力理論を修正すると一般的に重力の自由度が増えるので、重力波の偏極モードの数も一般相対性理論と比べて増える。この余分な偏極モードの有無を観測的に調べることによりモデルに依存しない重力理論の検証が出来る。前年度までの研究において背景重力波の観測による重力波偏極モード探査について調べたが、本年度は連星系や超新星爆発等からの重力波に対しても適用可能な偏極モード探査法を構築し、現実的な検出器雑音を取り入れた数値シミュレーションによってその解析方法の有効性を示した。
(3)初期宇宙における重力理論の検証
前年度までの研究では、f(R)重力という修正重力理論について調べ、インフレーションと現在の宇宙加速膨張の両方を統一的に説明出来るモデルを構築出来ることを確認した。本年度は重力波観測からそのようなモデルに対して観測的制限を与えることを試みた。まず、インフレーション時期に生成される背景重力波スペクトルを計算した。そのスペクトルの周波数依存性からビッグバン元素合成からの観測的制限が最も厳しいことが分かり、上記モデルの典型的なパラメータ領域は既に観測的に棄却されているという結果を得た。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown in LIGO-Virgo data from 2009-2010 (2013)
  • Author(s): J. Aasi, et al.(LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 87 Issue: 2
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.87.022002
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Einstein＠Home all-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in LIGO S5 data (2013)
  • Author(s): J. Aasi, et al.(LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 87 Issue: 4 Pages: 042001-129
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.87.042001
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Direct Measurement of the Positive Acceleration of the Universe and Testing Inhomogeneous Models under Gravitational Wave Cosmology (2012)
  • Author(s): K. Yagi, A. Nishizawa, C. -M. Yoo
  • Journal Title: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Volume: 04(2012) Issue: 04 Pages: 31-31
  • DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2012/04/031
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Weak-value amplification in a shot-noise-limited interferometer (2012)
  • Author(s): A. Nishizawa, K. Nakamura, M. -K. Fujimoto
  • Journal Title: Physical Review A Volume: 85 Issue: 6
  • DOI: 10.1103/physreva.85.062108
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Reheating after f(R) inflation (2012)
  • Author(s): H. Motohashi, A. Nishizawa
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 86 Issue: 8 Pages: 1-13
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.86.083514
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Search for gravitational waves from low mass compact binary coalescence in LIGO's Sixth science run and Virgo's science runs 2 and 3 (2012)
  • Author(s): J. Abadie, et al.(LIGO Scietific Collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 85 Issue: 8
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.85.082002
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Search for gravitational waves from intermediate mass binary black holes (2012)
  • Author(s): J. Abadie, et al.(LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 85 Issue: 10
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.85.102004
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] First low-latency LIGO+Virgo search for binary inspirals and their electromagnetic counterparts (2012)
  • Author(s): J. Abadie, et al.(LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 541 Pages: A155-A155
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201218860
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] All-sky search for gravitational-wave bursts in the second joint LIGO-Virgo run (2012)
  • Author(s): J. Abadie, et al.(LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 85 Issue: 12
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.85.122007
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Upper limits on a stochastic gravitational-wave background using LIGO and Virgo interferometers at 600-1000Hz (2012)
  • Author(s): J. Abadie, et al.(LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 85 Issue: 12
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.85.122001
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The characterization of Virgo data and its impact on gravitational-wave searches (2012)
  • Author(s): J. Aasi, et al.(LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Classical and Quantum Gravity Volume: 29
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ORIGIN OF GRB 051103 FROM LIGOOBSERVATIONS (2012)
  • Author(s): J. Abadie, et al.(LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 755 Issue: 1 Pages: 2-2
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/755/1/2
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] SEARCH FOR GRAVITATIONAL WAVES ASSOCIATED WITH GAMMA-RAY BURSTS DURING LIGO SCIENCE RUN 6 AND VIRGO SCIENCE RUNS 2 AND 3 (2012)
  • Author(s): J. Abadie, et al.(LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 760 Issue: 1 Pages: 12-118
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/760/1/12
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] SWIFT FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS OF CANDIDATE GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE TRANSIENT EVENTS (2012)
  • Author(s): P. A. Evans, et al.(LIGO Scientific Collaboration)
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Volume: 203 Issue: 2 Pages: 28-28
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/203/2/28
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Evaluation of weak measurements to all orders (2012)
  • Author(s): K.Nakamura, A.Nishizawa, M.-K.Fujimoto
  • Journal Title: Physical Review A Volume: 85 Issue: 1
  • DOI: 10.1103/physreva.85.012113
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Direct Measurement of the Positive Acceleration of the Universe and Testing Inhomogeneous Models under Gravitational Wave Cosmology (2012)
  • Author(s): K.Yagi, A.Nishizawa, C.-M.Yoo
  • Journal Title: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Volume: (未定)(掲載確定)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] All-sky search for periodic gravitational waves in the full S5 LIGO data (2012)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al., LIGO Scientific Collaboration
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 85 Issue: 2
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.85.022001
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Beating the spin-down limit on gravitational wave emission from the Vela pulsar (2012)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al., LIGO Scientific Collaboration
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 737 Issue: 2 Pages: 93-109
  • DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/737/2/93
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Cosmology with space-based gravitational-wave detectors---dark energy and primordial gravitational waves--- (2011)
  • Author(s): Atsushi Nishizawa, Kent Yagi, el al
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 85 Issue: 4
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.85.044047
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Tracing the redshift evolution of Hubble parameter with gravitational-wave standard sirens (2011)
  • Author(s): A.Nishizawa, A.Taruya, S.Saito
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 83 Issue: 8
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.83.084045
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Japanese space gravitational wave antenna : DECIGO (2011)
  • Author(s): S.Kawamura, et al
  • Journal Title: Classical and Quantum Gravity Volume: 28 Issue: 9 Pages: 94011-94011
  • DOI: 10.1088/0264-9381/28/9/094011
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Directional Limits on Persistent Gravitational Waves Using LIGO S5 Science Data (2011)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al., LIGO Scientific Collaboration
  • Journal Title: Physical Review Letters Volume: 107 Issue: 27
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.271102
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A gravitational wave observatory operating beyond the quantum shot-noise limit (2011)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al., LIGO Scientific Collaboration
  • Journal Title: Nature Physics Volume: 7 Issue: 12 Pages: 962-965
  • DOI: 10.1038/nphys2083
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger and ringdown (2011)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al., LIGO Scientific Collaboration
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 83 Issue: 12
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.83.122005
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Search for gravitational wave bursts from six magnetars (2011)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al., LIGO Scientific Collaboration
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 734 Issue: 2 Pages: L35-L35
  • DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/734/2/l35
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A search for gravitational waves associated with the August 2006 timing glitch of the Vela pulsar (2011)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al. (LIGO Scientific collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 83
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Cosmological test of gravity with polarizations of stochastic gravitational waves around 0.1-1 Hz (2010)
  • Author(s): A.Nishizawa, A.Taruya, S.Kawamura
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 81
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] DECIGO and DECIGO pathfinder (2010)
  • Author(s): Masaki Ando, et al. (DECIGO collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Classical and Quantum Gravity Volume: 27
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Search for gravitational-wave inspiral signals associated with short gamma-ray bursts during LIGO's fifth and VIRGO'S first science run (2010)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al. (LIGO Scientific collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 715 Pages: 1453-1461
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] All-sky search for gravitational-wave bursts in the first joint LIGO-GEO-Virgo run (2010)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al. (LIGO Scientific collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 81
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Search for gravitational-wave bursts associated with gamma-ray bursts using data from LIGO science run 5 and VIRGO science run 1 (2010)
  • Author(s): B.P.Abbott, et al. (LIGO Scientific collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 715 Pages: 1438-1452
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Predictions for the rates of compact binary coalescences observable by ground-based gravitational-wave detectors (2010)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al. (LIGO Scientific collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Classical and Quantum Gravity Volume: 27
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Calibration of the LIGO gravitational wave detectors in the fifth science run (2010)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al. (LIGO Scientific collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A Volume: 624 Pages: 223-240
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] First search for gravitational waves from the youngest known neutron star (2010)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al. (LIGO Scientific collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Volume: 722 Pages: 1504-1513
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Search for Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Coalescence in LIGO and Virgo Data from S5 and VSR1 (2010)
  • Author(s): J.Abadie, et al. (LIGO Scientific collaboration)
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D Volume: 82
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Measuring cosmological inhomogeneities with gravitational waves (2012)
  • Author(s): A. Nishizawa
  • Organizer: 11th DECIGO workshop
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学(京都市)
  • Year and Date: 2012-11-27
• [Presentation] 弱値の増幅の精密位相測定への応用 (2012)
  • Author(s): 西澤篤志、中村康二、藤本眞克
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会春季大会
  • Place of Presentation: 関西学院大学、西宮、兵庫
  • Year and Date: 2012-03-26
• [Presentation] Weak measurement for gravitational wave detectors (2012)
  • Author(s): A.Nishizawa, K.Nakamura, M.-K Fujimoto
  • Organizer: KAGRA f2f meeting
  • Place of Presentation: ICRR,東京大学、柏、千葉(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2012-02-02
• [Presentation] Measuring cosmological inhomogeneities with GW standard sirens (2012)
  • Author(s): A. Nishizawa, S. Camera
  • Organizer: GWPAW 2012
  • Place of Presentation: Hannover, Germany
• [Presentation] Reheating after f(R) inflation and observational constraints (2012)
  • Author(s): A. Nishizawa, H. Motohashi
  • Organizer: 13th Marcel-Grossmann meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Stockholm, Sweden
• [Presentation] f(R)重力理論における再加熱と背景重力波 (2012)
  • Author(s): 西澤篤志, 本橋隼人
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会秋季大会
  • Place of Presentation: 京都産業大学(京都市)
• [Presentation] Probing for massive GW background with a ground-based detector network (2012)
  • Author(s): A. Nishizawa, K. Hayama
  • Organizer: JGRG 22
  • Place of Presentation: 東京大学本郷キャンパス(東京都)
• [Presentation] Probing for massive GW background with a ground-based detector network (2012)
  • Author(s): A. Nishizawa, K. Hayama
  • Organizer: Nishinomiya Yukawa Symposium
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学(京都市)
• [Presentation] Weak-value amplification and quantum noise (2011)
  • Author(s): 西澤篤志、中村康二、藤本眞克
  • Organizer: 第25回量子技術検討会
  • Place of Presentation: 大阪大学、豊中、大阪
  • Year and Date: 2011-11-21
• [Presentation] 弱い量子測定 (2011)
  • Author(s): 西澤篤志
  • Organizer: 第10回DECIGOワークショップ
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学、京都、京都(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2011-11-19
• [Presentation] スペース重力波アンテナDECIGO計画(34):サイエンス1 (2011)
  • Author(s): 西澤篤志、八木絢外、樽家篤史、田中貴浩
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会秋季大会
  • Place of Presentation: 弘前大学、弘前、青森
  • Year and Date: 2011-09-17
• [Presentation] Application of weak measurement to gravitational wave detection (2011)
  • Author(s): A.Nishizawa, K.Yagi, A.Taruya, T.Tanaka
  • Organizer: KIAS Workshop on Gravity and Quantum information
  • Place of Presentation: KIAS, Seoul, Korea(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2011-08-29
• [Presentation] Gravitational-wave standard siren without redshift information (2011)
  • Author(s): A.Nishizawa, K.Yagi, A.Taruya, T.Tanaka
  • Organizer: Amaldi9
  • Place of Presentation: Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK(ポスター発表)
• [Presentation] Gravitational-wave standard siren without redshift information (2011)
  • Author(s): A.Nishizawa, K.Yagi, A.Taruya, T.Tanaka
  • Organizer: RESCEU summer school
  • Place of Presentation: 阿蘇、熊本(ポスター発表)
• [Presentation] DECIGOによる重力波位相を用いた宇宙膨張測定 (2011)
  • Author(s): 西澤篤志, 八木絢外, 田中貴浩, 樽家篤史, 斎藤俊
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会春季大会
  • Place of Presentation: 新潟大学(震災のためWeb上発表)
• [Presentation] Direct measurement of Hubble parameter with gravitational waves (2010)
  • Author(s): A.Nishizawa, A.Taruya, S.Saito
  • Organizer: GR19
  • Place of Presentation: Mexico city, Mexico
  • Year and Date: 2010-07-07
• [Presentation] 重力波とダークエネルギー (2010)
  • Author(s): 西澤篤志
  • Organizer: 第8回DECIGOワークショップ
  • Place of Presentation: 東京大学(本郷)(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-14
• [Presentation] 連星系からの重力波によるハッブルパラメータの測定 (2010)
  • Author(s): 西澤篤志, 樽家篤史, 斎藤俊
  • Organizer: 第23回理論懇シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学(ポスター発表)
• [Presentation] Cosmological test of gravity with polarizations of stochastic gravitational waves (2010)
  • Author(s): A.Nishizawa, A.Taruya, K.Hayama, S.Kawamura
  • Organizer: Yukawa International Seminar 2010
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学(ポスター)
• [Presentation] Direct measurement of Hubble parameter with gravitational waves (2010)
  • Author(s): A.Nishizawa, A.Taruya, S.Saito
  • Organizer: COSMO/CosPA
  • Place of Presentation: 東京大学(本郷)(ポスター発表)