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前頭前野神経回路シミュレーションによるワーキングメモリ形成の理論的研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number 11170246
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Biological Sciences
Research InstitutionSophia University

Principal Investigator

田中 昌司  上智大学, 理工学部, 教授 (30188304)

Project Period (FY) 1999 – 2000
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2000)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥3,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥3,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000)
Keywords前頭前野 / ワーキングメモリ / 大脳皮質 / モデル / シミュレーション / 神経回路 / ニューロン / 遅延活動
Research Abstract

本研究課題は、前頭前野神経回路をモデル化し、そのコンピュータ・シミュレーションを行うことによって、ワーキングメモリの形成に関する回路メカニズムを解明することを目的とした。本研究で用いる前頭前野神経回路モデルは、解剖学データにできる限り取り忠実なアーキテクチャを実現している(Tanaka and Okada1999;Tanaka1999,2001)。ニューロン・モデルは統合発火型で、AMPA,NMDA,GABA_Aの各イオン・チャネルを有している。
入力層のpyramidal cellsは信号入力に対して一過性の応答を示し、持続層のpyramidal cellsは遅延活動を示す。遅延活動は方向選択性をもっており、遅延期間において安定して持続する。この活動はAMPA and/or NMDAチャネルの遮断、または局所抑制の増強により消失する(Tanaka2000a,b)。
次に、後シナプス電流すなわちニューロンのシナプス入力の時間空間特性を解析した。その際に後シナプス電流(PSC)をEPSCとIPSCに分けて、さらにEPSCを同じ層内の他のpyramidal cellsによるものと異なる層のpyramidal cellsによるものの2つの成分に分けた。IPSCは同方向抑制と反方向抑制を区別した。解析の結果、次の4つの回路メカニズムを特定することができた(Tanaka and Yoshida2001):
1)外部信号入力が入力層から持続層へと伝えられるfeedforward excitation
2)信号が持続層で増幅されるrecurrent excitation
3)持続層における活動の水平方向の広がりを制限するrecurrent inhibition
4)入力層の一過性の活動を実現するfeedback inhibition

Report

(2 results)
  • 2000 Annual Research Report
  • 1999 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (12 results)

All Other

All Publications (12 results)

  • [Publications] Tanaka,S.and Okada,S.: "Functional prefrontal cortical circuitry for visuospatial working memory formation : a computational model."Neurocomputing. 26/27. 891-899 (1999)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tanaka,S.: "Architecture and dynamics of the primate prefrontal cortical circuit for spatial working memory."Neural Networks. 12. 1007-1020 (1999)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tanaka,S.: "Roles of intracortical inhibition in the formation of spatially tuned delay-period activity of prefrontal neurons : computational study."Prog.Neuro-Psychopharm. & Biol.Psychiat.. 24. 483-504 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tanaka,S.: "Post-cue activity of prefrontal cortical neurons controlled by local inhibition."Neurocomputing. 32/33. 563-572 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tanaka,S.: "Computational approaches to the architecture and operations of the prefrontal cortical circuit for working memory."Prog.Neuro-Psychopharm. & Biol.Psychiat.. 25. 259-281 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tanaka,S.and Yoshida,A.: "Signal flow in a prefrontal cortical circuit model for working memory loading."Neurocomputing. (In press). (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shoji Tanaka: "Modular circuitry and network dynamics for the formation of visuosptial working memory in primate prefrontal cortex"Transactions of IEICE. E82-A. 688-699 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shoji Tanaka: "Punctional prefrontal cortical circuitry for visuospatial working memory formation: a computational model"Neuro computing. 26/27. 891-899 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shoji Tanaka: "Architecture and dynamico of the prefrontal cortical circuit for spatial working memory"Neural networks. 12. 1007-1020 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shoji Tanaka: "Nonlinear signal processing in the prefrontal cortex for working memory formation"Journal of Signal Processing. 3. 425-434 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shuhei Okada: "A model of short-term memory using a recurrent neural network with a variable bias input"Journal of Signal Processing. 3. 435-442 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Jianting Cao: "Self-scaling and self-adaptive conpact time-delay neural network for dynamica nonlinear and nonstationary system identification"Journal of signal processing. 4. 37-43 (2000)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1999-04-01   Modified: 2018-03-28  

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