knee領域一次宇宙線の研究

• Project/Area Number: 11203202
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Review Section: Science and Engineering
• Research Institution: Utsunomiya University
• Principal Investigator: 堀田 直巳 (堀田 直己) 宇都宮大学, 教育学部, 教授 (60157039)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 佐藤 禎宏 宇都宮大学, 教育学部, 教授 (50114161) ; 柴田 槇雄 横浜国立大学, 工学部, 教授 (50018016) ; 太田 周 宇都宮大学, 教育学部, 教授 (30008023)
• Project Period (FY): 1999 – 2004
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
• Budget Amount: ¥11,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,300,000); Fiscal Year 2004: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000); Fiscal Year 2003: ¥1,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000); Fiscal Year 2002: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000); Fiscal Year 2001: ¥2,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000); Fiscal Year 2000: ¥3,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000); Fiscal Year 1999: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
• Keywords: 宇宙線 / 空気シャワー / knee領域 / Knee領域 / Knee流域

Research Abstract

中国・チベット・ヤンパーチン高原(標高4300m、大気深度606g/cm^2、東経90.522度、北緯30.102度)に設置した空気シャワー観測装置と、エマルション・チェンバーおよびエマルション・チェンバー中で発生したバースト現象を検出する測定器を連動させ、地球大気を重原子核の吸収体として利用し、一次宇宙線が大気中で発生するガンマ線ファミリー現象とそれに伴う空気シャワー現象を観測する実験で、kneeエネルギー領域(10^{15}eVから10^{16}eVの領域)を含む一次宇宙線陽子及びヘリウム成分エネルギー・スペクトルの観測結果を得た。また、空気シャワー連続観測実験で、kneeエネルギー領域を含む一次宇宙線全粒子エネルギー・スペクトルの観測結果を得た。
陽子成分のエネルギー・スペクトルのベキは、10^{15}eV以上においては-3.10+-0.15であり、10^{14}eV以下におけるそれが-2.74+-0.01であること、ヘリウム成分も同様の傾向を示しており一次宇宙線全粒子の頻度との比較検討から、kneeエネルギー領域の主成分は重核子成分であると結論される。結果は銀河系内宇宙線の起源が超新星残骸にあることを強く支持する。これらの成果は学会誌への発表を予定しており、主に一次宇宙線中の陽子・ヘリウム成分エネルギー・スペクトルに関連する成果は投稿中であり、一次宇宙線全粒子エネルギー・スペクトルに関連する成果は早急に投稿すべく準備中である。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Automatic analysis of the emulsion chamber using the image scanner applied to the Tibet hybrid experiment (2004)
  • Author(s): S.Ozawa
  • Journal Title: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 523 Pages: 193-205
• [Journal Article] Observation by an Air-Shower Array in Tibet of the Multi-TeV Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy due to Terrestrial Orbital Motion Around the Sun. (2004)
  • Author(s): M.Amenomori
  • Journal Title: Physical Review Letter 93
• [Journal Article] Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts.Fuji and Kanbala (2003)
  • Author(s): J.Huang
  • Journal Title: Astroparticle Physics 18 Pages: 637-648
• [Journal Article] Observation of multi-TeV diffuse gamma rays from the Galactic plane with the Tibet Air Shower Array (2002)
  • Author(s): M.Amenomori
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal 580 Pages: 887-895
• [Journal Article] Multi-TeV gamma-ray flares from Markarian 421 in 2000 and 2001 observed with the Tibet Air Shower Array (2002)
  • Author(s): M.Amenomori
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal 598 Pages: 242-249
• [Journal Article] Primary proton spectrum between 200TeV and 1000TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array (2000)
  • Author(s): M.Amenomori
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D 62
• [Journal Article] Measurement of air shower cores to study the cosmic ray composition in the knee energy region (2000)
  • Author(s): M.Amenomori
  • Journal Title: Physical Review D 62
• [Journal Article] A study of the shadowing of galactic cosmic rays by the sun in a quiet phase of Solar activity with the Tibet air shower array (2000)
  • Author(s): M.Amenomori
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal 541 Pages: 1051-1058
• [Journal Article] Detection of Multi-TeV gamma rays from Markanian 501 During an unforeseen flaring state in 1997 with the Tibet air shower array (2000)
  • Author(s): M.Amenomori
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal 532 Pages: 302-307
• [Journal Article] Observation of Multi-TeV gamma rays from Crab nebula using Tibet air shower array (1999)
  • Author(s): M.Amenomori
  • Journal Title: Astrophysical Journal Letter 525
• [Publications] J.Huang: "Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts.Fuji and Kanbala"Astroparticle Physics. 18. 637-648 (2003)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Primary proton spectrum between 200TeV and 1000TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array"Physical Review D. 62. 112001-1-112002-13 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Measurement of air shower cores to study the cosmic ray composition in the knee energy region"Physical Review D. 62. 072007-1-072007-12 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "A study of the shadowing of galactic cosmic rays by the sun in a quiet phase of Solar activity with the Tibet air shower array"The Astrophysical Journal. 541. 1051-1058 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Detection of Multi-TeV gamma rays from Markanian 501 During an unforeseen flaring state in 1997 with the Tibet air shower array"The Astrophysical Journal. 532. 302-307 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Observation of Multi-TeV gamma rays from Crab nebula using Tibet air shower array"Astrophysical Journal Letter. 525. L93-L96 (1999)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Observation of multi-TeV diffuse gamma rays from the Galacic plane with the Tibet Air Shower Array"The Astrophysical Journal. 580. 887-895 (2002)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Multi-TeV gamma-ray flares from Markarian 421 in 2000 and 2001 observed with the Tibet Air Shower Array"The Astrophysical Journal. 598. 242-249 (2002)
• [Publications] S.Ozawa: "Automatic analysis of the emulsion chamber using the image scanner applied to the Tibet hybrid experiment"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A. IN PRESS.
• [Publications] J.Huang: "Primary proton spectrum around the knee deduced from the emulsion-chamber data obtained at Mts. Fuji and Kanbala"Astroparticle Physics. 18. 637-648 (2003)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Primary proton spectrum between 200TeV and 1000TeV observed with the Tibet burst datector and air shower array"Physical Review D. 62. 112001-1-112002-13 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Measurement of air shower cores to study the cosmic ray composition in the knee energy region"Physical Review D. 62. 072007-1-072007-12 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "A study of the shadowing of galactic cosmic rays by the sun in a quiet phase of Solar activity with the Tibet air shower array"The Astrophysical Journal. 541. 1051-1058 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Detection of Multi-TeV gamma rays from Markanian 501 During an unforeseen flaring state in 1997 with the Tibet air shower array"The Astrophysical Journal. 532. 302-307 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Observation of Multi-TeV gamma rays from Crab nebula using Tibet air shower array"Astrophysical Journal Letter. 525. L93-L96 (1999)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Heavy component of primary particles around the knee observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array"Proc. 27th Int. Cosmic Ray Conf. 1. 148-151 (2001)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Primary proton spectrum between 200 TeV and 1000 TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array"Phys. Rev. D. 62. 112002-1-112002-13 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Measurement of air shower cores to study the cosmic ray composition in the knee energy region"Phys. Rev. D. 62. 072007-1-072007-12 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "A Study of the Shadowing of Galactic Cosmic Rays by the Sun in a Quiet Phase of Solar Activity with the Tibet Air Shower Array"The Astrophysical Journal. 541. 1051-1058 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Detection of Multi-TeV Gamma Rays from Markarian 501 during an Unforeseen Flaring State in 1997 with the Tibet Air Shower Array"The Astrophysical Journal. 532. 302-307 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Observation of Multi-TeV Gamma Rays from the Crab Nebula using the Tibet Air Shower Array"Astrophysical Journal Letter. 525. L93-L96 (1999)
• [Publications] M.Amnomori: "Primary proton spectrum between 200TeV and 1000TeV observed with the Tibet burst detector and air shower array"Phys.Rev.D. 62. 112002-1-112002-13 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Measurement of air shower cores to study the cosmic ray composition in the knee energy region "Phys.Rev.D. 62. 072007-1-072007-12 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "A study of the shadowing of Galactic cosmic Rays by the sun in a Quiet Phase of Solar Activity with the Tibet Air shower Array"The Astrophysical Journal. 541. 1051-1058 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Detection of Multi-TeV Gamma Rays from Markanian 501 During an Unforeseen Flaring statein 1997 with the Tibet Air Shower Array"Astrophysical Journal. 532. 302-307 (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Observation of Multi-TeV Gamma Rays from the Crab Nebula using the Tibet Air Shower Array"Astrophysical Journal Letter. 525. L93-L96 (1999)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Observation of multi-TeV gamma rays from the Crab Nebura using the Tibet Air Shower Array"Astrophysical Journal Letter. 525. 293-296 (1999)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Detection of multi-TeV gamma rays from Markarian 501 during an unforeseen flaring state in 1997 with the Tibet Air Shower Array"Astrophysical Journal. 532. (2000)
• [Publications] M.Amenomori: "Primary proton flux around the "Knee" region deduced from the observation of Air Showers accompanied by gamma families"Proc.26th Int.Cosmic Ray Caif.. 3. 211-214 (1999)