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北極域における環境変動機構に関する研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number 11208101
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Science and Engineering
Research InstitutionNational Institute of Polar Research

Principal Investigator

藤井 理行  国立極地研究所, 極域観測系, 教授(副所長) (20125214)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 山内 恭  国立極地研究所, 研究教育系, 教授 (00141995)
神山 孝吉  国立極地研究所, 研究教育系, 教授 (70135507)
福地 光男  国立極地研究所, 極域情報系, 教授 (80099936)
神田 啓史 (神田 啓志)  国立極地研究所, 極域観測系, 教授 (70099935)
麻生 武彦  国立極地研究所, 研究教育系, 教授 (10026255)
東 久美子  国立極地研究所, 研究系, 助教授 (80202620)
Project Period (FY) 1999 – 2004
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
Budget Amount *help
¥22,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥22,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥5,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥3,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥3,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥2,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥3,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,700,000)
Keywords北極 / 気候変化 / 温暖化 / 北極振動 / 炭素循環 / ツンドラ植生 / 雪氷コア / ポリニア / 北大西洋振動 / シベリア / 環境
Research Abstract

最終年度にあたり、総括班としての分野横断の気候・環境変動機構に関する研究のまとめを、1)気温変化、2)気候モード、3)炭素循環、4)中層-下層大気の結合、について行った。北極における気温温暖化は、雪氷コアによる過去数百年スケールと数十年スケールでその長期傾向を明らかにするとともに、本研究で作成したロシアの気温データベースに基づきシベリア南部での冬季最低気温の急激な温暖化傾向を明らかにした。北極の気候モードとして、雪氷コアに記録された酸素同位体組成やスバールバル諸島で観測した気温と気圧、ポリニアの形成期間などに、北極振動と調和する変動を見いだした。また、北極振動はNAO(北大西洋振動)とPNA(太平洋北米パターン)により見かけ上現れ物理的には説明しにくい気候モードであることにも言及した。炭素循環は、ニーオルスンでの長期採取サンプルの同位体解析から、その季節変化が陸上植物に依存していること、北極における海域やツンドラ植生が炭素循環におけるシンク領域であることなどを明らかにした。また、中層大気の流星レーダや光電波複合観測は、下層大気起源の大気潮汐波と中層大気の大気温度、風速場の相互作用を明らかにした。
平成17年2月22日には、本研究領域に関係した内外の研究者の参加の下、同時通訳を付けて一般を対象にした公開講演会を開催した。引き続き、23、24日には、外国からの40名を超える研究者を含む大勢の参加者により、「北極における環境変化に関する国際シンポジウム」を開催し、本領域研究で得られた成果を発表した。また、3月28日には、評価委員会を開催し、5名の評価担当者から評価を得た。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2004 Annual Research Report
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • 2001 Annual Research Report
  • 2000 Annual Research Report
  • 1999 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (32 results)

All 2005 2004 Other

All Journal Article (6 results) Book (1 results) Publications (25 results)

  • [Journal Article] Arctic Study of Tropospheric Aerosol and Radiation (ASTAR) 2000 : Arctic haze case study2005

    • Author(s)
      Yamanouchi, T. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Tellus 57B

      Pages: 141-152

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Interpretation of Arctic aerosol properties using cluster analysis applied to observations in the Svalbard area.2004

    • Author(s)
      Treffeisen, R. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Tellus 56B

      Pages: 457-476

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Spatial variability of living coccolithophore distribution in the western Subarctic Pacific and western Bering Sea2004

    • Author(s)
      Hattori, H. et al.
    • Journal Title

      J.Oceanogr 60

      Pages: 505-515

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Soil respiration in a high arctic glacier foreland in Ny-Alesund, Svalbard2004

    • Author(s)
      Bekku, Y.S.et al.
    • Journal Title

      Polar Bioscience 17

      Pages: 36-46

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Multi-instrument derivation of 90 km temperatures over Svalbard (78°N 16°E)2004

    • Author(s)
      Hall, C.M., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Radio Sci 39

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Isotopic composition and origin of snow over Siberia

    • Author(s)
      Kurita N. et al.
    • Journal Title

      J.Geophys.Res (Accepted)

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 南極・北極の百科事典2004

    • Author(s)
      渡邉興亜, 麻生武彦, 藤井理行他編
    • Total Pages
      518
    • Publisher
      国立極地研究所
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Aoki, S., et al.: "Carbon Dioxide Variations in the Stratosphere Over Japan, Scandinavia and Antarctic."Tellus. 55B. 178-186 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamanouchi, T., et al.: "Preliminary report of the "Arctic Airborne Measurement Program 2002" (AAMP02)"Polar Meteorol.Glaciol. 17. 103-115 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Goto-Azuma, K., Koerner, R.M., Fisher, D.A.: "An ice core record over the last two centuries from Penny Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Canada."Annals of Glaciology. 35. 29-35 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sampei, M., H.Sasaki, H.Hattori, S.Kudoh, Y.Kashino, M.Fukuchi: "Seasonal and spatial variability in the flux of biogenic particles in the North Water polynya in 1997-1998."Deep-Sea Res.II. 49. 5245-5257 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kume, A., Y.S.Bekku, Y.T.Hanba, H.Kanda: "Carbon Isotope Discrimination in Diverging Growth Forms of Saxifraga oppositifolia in Different Successional Stages in a High Arctic Glacier Foreland."Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. 35. 377-383 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Aso, T: "An overview of the terdiurnal tide observed by polar radars and optics"Adv.Polar Upper Atmos.Res.. 17. 167-176 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Thomason, L.W.: "Arctic Study on Tropospheric Aerosol and Radiation : Tropospheric aerosol extinction profiles measured by airborne photometer and SAGE II"Geophys.Res.Lett.. 30(in press). (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Deming, J.W., Fortier, L, Fukuchi, M.: "The International North Water Polynya Study(NOW) : a brief overview"Deep-Sea Res. II. 49. 4887-4892 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Uchida, H.Muraoka, T.Nakatsubo, Y.Bekku, T.Ueno, H.Kanda, H.Koizumi: "Net Photosynthesis, respiration, and production of the moss Sanionia uncinata on a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. 34・3. 287-292 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hara, K.: "Vertical features of sea-salt modification in the boundary layer of spring Arctic during the ASTAR 2000 campaign"Tellus. 54B. 361-376 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Goto-Azuma, K.: "An ice core record over the last two centuries from Penny Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Canada"Annals of Glaciology. 35(in press). (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Matoba, S.: "Ice core chemistry of Vestfonna Ice Cap in Svalbard, Norway"J.Geophys.Res.. 107,D23. 4721-4727 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 藤井理行: "地球温暖化(第1章 極地の氷は地球環境のタイムカプセル)"日本化学会編. 173 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fujii, Y.: "210-year ice core records of dust storm, volcanic eruption and acidification at Site-J, Greenland"Mem. Natl Inst. Polar Res., Special Issue. 54. 209-220 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 山内 恭: "環北極気候比較におけるスバールバルの気候特性"南極資料. 45. 329-352 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Goro-Azuma: "Ice core studies of anthropogenic sulfate and nitrate trends in the Arctic"Journal of Geophysical Research. 106. 4959-4969 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sasaki, H.: "Stable isotope compositions of arctic copepods in the Greenland Sea in winter"Mem. Natl Inst. Polar Res., Spec. Issue. 54. 423-428 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Uchida, M.: "Estimation of primary production of the moss Sanionia uncinata on a glacier foreland in the high Arctic, Ny-Alesund, Svalbard"Arctic. Antarctic and Alpine Research. (in press). (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Aso, T.: "A study on the Arctic upper-atmospheric tide by EISCAT radar -Recent results and prospects-"Mem. National Institute of Polar Research, Spec. Issue. 54. 43-48 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 藤井理行: "地球温暖化 (第1章 極地の氷は地球環境のタイムカプセル)"丸善. 173 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 藤井理行: "氷床に記録された地球環境変動"日本エネルギー学会誌. 79. 1143-1158 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamanouchi,T.: "Observation of polar clouds and aerosols for radiation budget and climate study"Proceedings 1^<st> Int' 1 Workshop on Spaceborne Cloud Profiling Radar, Tsukuba, Japan, 24-26 January 2000. 85-91 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sasaki,H.,Kawai,D and Sato,M.: "Stable Isotope compositions of copepods In the Greenland Sea In winter"Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research, Environmental Research In the Arctic 2000, Tokyo.. Special Issue No.54(in press). (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Aso,T.: "Penetration of the non-migrating atmospheric diurnal tide into polar latitudes"Adv.Polar Upper Atmos.Res.. 14. 138-145 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Wada,N.and Kanda,H.: "Notes on floral traits and gender expression of Dryas octopetala under a simulated environmental change"Polar Biosci.. 13. 1-14 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1999-04-01   Modified: 2018-03-28  

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