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Toward novel materials by carbonization of cellulosic raw materials

Research Project

Project/Area Number 11460077
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 林産学
Research InstitutionTHE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO

Principal Investigator

KUGA Shigenori  Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO Pfofessor, 大学院・農学生命科学研究科, 教授 (60012051)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) WADA Masahisa  Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO Lecturer, 大学院・農学生命科学研究科, 講師 (40270897)
Project Period (FY) 1999 – 2000
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2000)
Budget Amount *help
¥15,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥1,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥13,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,900,000)
KeywordsCellulose / Pyrolysis / Carbonization / Graphite / Dehydration / Cellulose derivatives / Miocrystals / Carbon nanorod / ミクロフィブリル / ジアルデヒドセルロース / イミン / 硫酸 / 結晶
Research Abstract

Basic features of pyrolysis of cellulose were reexamined in terms of loss of crystallinity and carbon yield. Cellulose crystallite was found to degrade at above 320C in inert atmosphere. Mass yield of resulting carbon was as low as 1/3-1/4 of theoritical value for pure cellulose. Imprivement of carbon yield was achieved by addition of small amounts of sulfuric acid to cellulose, the yield reaching about 80% of theoritical value. Derivatization of cellulose also had remarkable effect in increasing the yield, as observed for periodic acid-oxidized cellulose. Further derivatization of dialdehyde cellulose through reactions with amines caused anomalous explosive decomposition of the material at high level of derivatization.
Highly crystalline cellulose samples from bacteria, tunicate or algae were graphitized at above 1600C, and crystallinity of the resultant material was in accord with that of starting material. The graphitized material contained microfibrillar crystallite apparently derived from the cellulose microfibril. This new form of graphite, carbon nanorod, may lead to novel applications. Hence efforts were made for preparing this material in higher yields, through processing of cellulose by freeze drying, embedding in other materials, and coating of microfibrils. Coating with silver showed some effect, but significant improvement in yield has not been achieved.
As a polymer having cellulose-like structure, poly (vinyl alcohol) was examined for its pyrolytic carbonization with addition fo sulfuric acid. Unlike pure material, PVA with sulfuric acid showed weight loss at around 250C, giving loss levels that correspond to stoichiometric dehydration. The resulting material is considered to contain polyacetylene-like structure and may lead to a novel electroconductive polymer.

Report

(3 results)
  • 2000 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1999 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (12 results)

All Other

All Publications (12 results)

  • [Publications] U.-J.Kim and S.Kuga: "Thermal decomposition of dialdehyde cellulose and its nitrogencontaining derivatives"Thermochimica Acta. 369. 79-85 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] D.-Y.Kim,S.Kuga et.al: "Thermal Decomposition of Cellulose Crystallites in Wood"Holzforschung. (印刷中). (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] D.-Y.Kim,S.Kuga et.al: "High-Yield Carbonization of Cellulose by Sulfuric Acid lmpregnation "Cellulose. (印刷中). (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] D.-Y.Kim,S.Kuga et.al: "Graphitization of Highly Crystalline Cellulose"Carbon. (印刷中). (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] U.-J.Kim and S.Kuga: "Thermal decomposition of dialdehyde cellulose and its nitrogencontaining derivatives"Thermochimica Acta. 369. 79-85 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] D.-Y.Kim, S.Kuga et.al: "Thermal Decomposition of Cellulose Crystallites in Wood"Holzforschung. (in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] D.-Y.Kim, S.Kuga et.al: "High-Yield Carbonization of Cellulose by Sulfuric Acid Impregnation"Cellulose. (in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] D.-Y.Kim, S.Kuga et.al: "Graphitization of Highly Crystalline Cellulose"Carbon. (in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] U.Kim et.al: "Thermal decomposition of dialdehyde cellulose and its nitrogen-containing derivatives"Thermochimica Acta. (印刷中). (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] D.Kim et. al: "Thermal Decomposition of Cellulose Crystallites in Wood"Holzforschung. (印刷中). (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] D.Kim et.al: "High-Yield Carbonization of Cellulose by Sulfuric Acid Impregnation"Cellulose. (印刷中). (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] D.Kim et.al: "Graphitization of Highly Crystalline Cellulose"Carbon. (印刷中). (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1999-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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