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Gender, Racial, and Age Differences in Union Voice Effects on Quits

Research Project

Project/Area Number 11630040
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 経済政策(含経済事情)
Research InstitutionToyama University

Principal Investigator

OMORI Yoshiaki  Toyama University, Faculty of Economics, Associate Professor, 経済学部, 助教授 (10272890)

Project Period (FY) 1999 – 2000
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2000)
Budget Amount *help
¥1,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
KeywordsUnion / Voice Effect / Gender / Men and Women / NLSY / CPS / Quit / Hazard
Research Abstract

The union voice hypothesis argues that unions provide workers with an alternative to quits (e.g., grievance procedures) when workers are dissatisfied and, hence, reduce quits. The hypothesis receives fairly strong empirical support when tested with samples of men (Freeman and Medoff 1979, Freeman 1980, Brown and Medoff 1978, Medoff 1979, Leigh 1979, Long and Link 1983). In order to determine if the union quit rate is moderated by how well the union represents the interests of the worker, I construct a variable indicating the extent to which a worker's gender is represented by unions in the worker's particular industry and occupation and estimate the quit hazards with a semiparametric competing risks model which controls for union status, the gender composition of unions, and a number of time-varying characteristics of individuals, jobs, and environment, and accounts for unobserved match-specific heterogeneity and its correlation with union-related variables. Job duration data constructed from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979-1994 are used for the estimation. My findings indicate that unions have negative effects on workers' quits for both men and women only when their gender group is the majority of union membership and that the union effect is stronger for women in unions dominated by women than for men in unions dominated by men.

Report

(3 results)
  • 2000 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1999 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1999-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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