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Organic Synthesis in Simulated Submarine Hydrothermal Vent Environments by Using a Supercritical Water Flow-Reactor

Research Project

Project/Area Number 11640488
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 地球化学
Research InstitutionYokohama National University

Principal Investigator

KOBAYASHI Kensei  Yokohama Natl.Univ., Assoc.Prof., 工学部, 助教授 (20183808)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) YANAGAWA Hiroshi  Keio University, Professor, 理工学部, 教授 (40327672)
KANEKO Takeo  Yokohama Natl.Univ., Assistant, 工学部, 助手 (50191987)
Project Period (FY) 1999 – 2000
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2000)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥2,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000)
KeywordsSupercritical water / Flow reactor / Submarine Hydrothermal Vents / Amino acids / Strecker reactions / Chemical Eyolution / Origins of life / Quench reactions / グリシン / セリン / ヒスチジン
Research Abstract

Submarine hydrothermal vents (SHVs) were regarded as models of hellish primeval ocean where chemical evolution toward the generation of life occurred. A number of simulation experiments have been conducted to study possible organic reactions in SHVs, but closed systems have been used in most cases. SHV systems can be regarded as a flow reactor where water was heated rapidly over supercritical point and then suddenly quenched by cold water. We constructed a brand new supercritical water flow reactor (SWFR) to simulate possible organic reactions in SHV environments.
Our SWFR consists of a HPLC pump, a Hasteroy reaction tube in an infrared gold image furnace, a cold bath and back-pressure regulator. Temperature outside and inside the reaction tube can be monitored with thermocouples.
When a glycine solution was injected into the SWFR, new unidentified peaks were appeared when reaction temperature was 400℃, which suggests that new types of reactions occur under supercritical conditions .
In order to investigate Strecker-type reactions in SWFR, a mixture of KCN, HCHO and NH_4HCO_3 was injected. At 50℃, only glycine was detected. When the reaction temperature increased, other amino acids could be seen, such as alanine (100℃) and sarcosine (150℃). Reactions over 300℃ gave the following complicated amino acids were found in the product, such as β-alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid, δ-Aminovaleric acid and ε-aminocaproic acid. It was shown that a wide variety of organic compounds including amino acids could be formed in hydrothermal systems. Further works shoulc be done to test the effects of pH, red-ox potential and roles of metal ions.

Report

(3 results)
  • 2000 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1999 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All Other

All Publications (14 results)

  • [Publications] Md.N.Islam: "Construction of a Supercritical Flow-Reactor to Simulate Submarine Hydrothermal Systems"Viva Origino. 28. 9 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Kobayashi: "Complex Organics in Space to Life' A New Scenario of Chemical Evolution "Proceedings of Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics. 6. 361-364 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Md.N.Islam: "Strecker-type Reactions by Using a Supercritical Water Flow Reactor Simulating Submarine Hydrothermal Systems"Viva Origino . 29(in press). (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Kobayashi: "Structure and Function of Biological Systems under Extreme Conditions : Pressure and Temperature Effects (Ed.By Y,Taniguchi et al.)"Springer Verlag(in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Md.N.Islam et al.: "Construction of a Supercritical Flow-Reactor to Simaulate Submarine Hydrothermal Systems"Viva Origino. 28. 9 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Kobayashi et al.: "Complex Organics in Space to Life A New Scenario of Chemical Evolution"Proceedings of Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics. 6. 361-364 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Md.N.Islam et al.: "Strecker-type Reactions by Using a Supercritical Water Flow Reactor Simulating Submarine Hydrothermal Systems"Viva Origino. 29(in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Kobayashi et al.: "Submarine Hydrothermal Vents As Possible Sites of the Origin of Life Structure and Function of Biological Systems under Extreme Conditions : Pressure and Temperature Effects (Ed.By Y,Taniguchi et al.)"Springer Verlag(in press).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Md.N.Islam: "Construction of a Supercritical Flow-Reactor to Simulate Submarine Hydrothermal Systems"Viva Origino. 28. 9 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Kobayashi: "Complex Organics in Space to Life' A New Scenario of Chemical Evolution"Proceedings of Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics. 6. 361-364 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Md.N.Islam: "Strecker-type Reactions by Using a Supercritical Water Flow Reactor Simulating Submarine Hydrothermal Systems"Viva Origino. 29(in press). (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Kobayashi: "Structure and function of Biological Systems under Extreme Conditions : Pressure and Temperature Effects (Ed.By Y,Taniguchi et al.)"Springer Verlag (in press).

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Md.N.Islam: "Construction of a Supercritical Flow-Reactor to Simulate Submarine Hydrothermal Systems"Viva Origino. 28(1)(in press). (2000)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Kobayashi: "Structure and Function of Biological Systems under Extreme Conditions: Pressure and Temperature Effects(分担執筆)"Springer Verlag (in press). (2000)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1999-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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