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Nervous System of Echinoderms with special reference to the neuropeptide NGIWY amide that controls catch connective tissues.

Research Project

Project/Area Number 11640676
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 動物生理・代謝
Research InstitutionTokyo Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

MOTOKAWA Tatsuo  Tokyo Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Professor, 大学院・生命理工学研究科, 教授 (80092352)

Project Period (FY) 1999 – 2000
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2000)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥2,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000)
Keywordsechinoderms / nervous system / catch connective tissue / neuropeptide
Research Abstract

1. I extracted from a sea cucumber a peptide that stiffens the holothurian catch connective tissue. The amino acid sequence of the peptide was Asn-Gly-Ily-Trp-Tyr-NH_2 (NGIWYamide). The antibody against NGIWY amide was raised. Immunoreactivity to this antibody was observed in the following parts of sea cucumbers : both ectoneural and hyponeural parts of radial nerve, circumoral nerve ring, tentacle nerve, cell processes in body-wall dermis. NGIWY amide caused contraction of longitudinal body wall muscles whereas it inhibited the spontaneous contraction of gut.
2. Immunoreactivity was observed in sea urchins also. Positively stained parts were as follows : radial nerve, nerve ring surrounding spine base, nerve processes between muscle sheets and those between spine muscle and catch apparatus, and podial nerve. NGIWY amide inhibited the contraction of tube feet induced by acetylcholine.
3. Immunoreactivity was observed in starfish also. Positively stained parts were as follows : both ectoneural part and hyponeural part of radial nerve, marginal nerve, and podial nerve. NGIWY amide caused contraction of tube feet. These results established that NGIWY amide is a ubiquitous echinoderm neuropeptide that controls muscles and catch connective tissues.
4. The nervous system of crinoids are considerably different from those of other echinoderm classes. The light and electron microscopic observations revealed that the cell with bullet shaped organelles (BSO cell) makes a network of cellular processes that originates from the perifery of the coelomic nerve, ramifies and covers the entire stereom space of an ossicle. The processes have close contact with cell bodies of juxtaligamental cell which is supposed to control the mechanical properties of ligaments. The network of BSO cells seems to work as a nervous system that controls the connective tissue activities such as connective tissue catch and contraction.

Report

(3 results)
  • 2000 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1999 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All Other

All Publications (14 results)

  • [Publications] Masahide Inoue: "Localization of the neuropeptide NGIWY amide in the holothurian nervous system and its effects on muscular contraction."Proc.R.Soc.Lond.B. 266. 993-1000 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ruediger Birenheide: "Influence of K^+ and neurotransmitters on stiffness and contraction of crinoid arm ligament."Echinoderm Reserch. (1998). 53-54 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ruediger Birenheide: "Cirri of the stalked crinoid Metacrinus rotundus : Neural elements and the effects of cholinergic agonists on mechanical properties."Proc.R.Soc.Lond.B. 267. 7-16 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Chizuru Ogawa: "Glycerinated catch apparatus of sea urchin spine : the effects of cations on its mechanical properties and ultrastructure."Zool.Sci.. 17. 603-608 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Masahide Inoue: "Localization of the neuropeptide NGIWY amide in holothurian nervous system and its effects on muscular contraction."Proc.R.Soc.Lond.B. 266. 993-1000 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ruediger Birenheide: "Influence of K+ and neurotransmitters on stiffness and contraction of crinoid arm ligament."Echinoderm Reserch 1998 (ed.M.D.Candia Carnevali & F.Bonasoro) Balkem. 53-54 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ruediger Birenheide: "Cirri of the stalked crinoid Metacrinus rotundus : Neural elements and the effects of cholinergic agonists on mechanical properties."Proc.R.Soc.Lond.B. 266. 7-16 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Chizuru Ogawa: "Glycerinated catch apparatus of sea urchin spine : the effects of cations on its mechanical properties and ultrastructure."Zool.Sci.. 17. 603-608 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tatsuo Motokawa: "Skin of sea cucumber : the adaptive material with adjustable mechanical properties"Biomimetics Handbook (ed.Y.Osada) NTS. 978-982 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2000 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Rudiger Birenheide: "Cirri of the stalked crinoid Metacrinus rotundus : neural elements and the effects of cholinergic agonists on mechanical properties"Proc.R.Soc.Lond.B.. 266. 7-16 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Chizuru Ogawa: "Glycerinated catch apparatus of sea urchin spine : the effects of cations in its mechanical properties and ultrastructure."Zool.Sci.. 17. 603-608 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mashide Inoue: "Localization of the neuropeptide NGIWY amide in the pholothurian nervous system and its effects on muscular contraction"Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 266. 993-1000 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Rudiger Birenheide: "Cirri of the stalked crinoid Metacrinus rotundus : neural elements and the effect of cholinergic agonists on mechanical properties"Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 267. 7-16 (2000)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Rudiger Birenheide: "Influence of K^+ions and neurotransmitters on stiffness and contraction of crinoid arm ligament"Echinoderm Research 2000. 53-54

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1999-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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