| Project/Area Number |
11670359
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Hygiene
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| Research Institution | National Institute of Industrial Health |
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Principal Investigator |
SAWADA Shin-ichi National Institute of Industrial Health, Department of Research Planning, Senior Research Coordinatior, 企画調整部, 研究調整官 (00167438)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1999 – 2002
|
| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2002)
|
| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥1,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000)
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| Keywords | Cold work / Frostbite / Cold-induced vasodilatation (CIVD) / Thermal seneation / Thermal combat / Thermoregulation / Cold pain / Work-rest schedule / 高齢者 / 防寒服 / ISO / 特許 / マレーシア / 温冷感覚 / 冷房病 / 体温調整行動 / 温熱的快不快感 / 身体熱平衡 / 体温調節行動 / 回復課程 / 作業一休憩サイクル / サーマルマネキン / 労働生理 |
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| Research Abstract |
The purpose of this research was to elucidate the characteristics of cold defense response and associated thermal loads caused by such intermittent and repeated cold exposure as observed in daily cold work. To achieve this, we carried out both the experimental studies in an artificial climatic chamber and the surveys in some cold work places.
The main results obtained were as follows :
1. The intermittent finger cooling experiment revealed that subjective judgment such as cold pain and cold sensation is not always a reliable and sensitive index for monitoring the risk of excessive peripheral cooling and frostbite formation.
2. The whole body cold exposure experiment found that repeated cold exposure, even interposed with warm rest, caused successive body core cooling, increased cardiovascular load and decreased manual performance. The subjective thermal comfort and warm sensation at each warm rest were found to be not reliable indices for monitoring hypothermic state and increased thermal
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loads at the time. This phenomenon could be explained by a multiplicative interaction between skin surface and body core temperatures in the generation of thermoregulatory effector responses.
3. The field surveys in refrigerated warehouse industry, outdoor work in winter and food industry found that many workers had excessive cooling of the peripheral part and whole body without noticing them. The surveys supported our experimental finding mentioned above and also showed that thermal insulation of cold protective clothing the workers chose by their self-judgment was insufficient for their cold work.
4. These results suggested that planning work-rest schedule and using cold protective equipment (CPE) at cold work based on workers' subjective judgment are liable to cause them excessive body cooling and increased thermal loads without noticing.
5. To prevent these health risks, we need to establish a rational management system for cold work. As one of our approaches for achieving this, we plan to standardize a test method for evaluating thermal protective performance of CPE and to propose a cold exposure limit based on the test results. Less
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