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the Weekly Rhythms of Japanese Junior High School Students and the Structure of Yutori(Leisur): Using the Experience Sampling Method

Research Project

Project/Area Number 11680054
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 体育学
Research InstitutionTOKAI UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

NISHINO Hirotoshi  Tokai University, Department of Physical Recreation, Professor, 体育学部, 教授 (90119694)

Project Period (FY) 1999 – 2001
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2001)
Budget Amount *help
¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000)
Keywordsleisure / daily experience / Japanese adolescent / Experience Sampling Method / recreation / adolescent life / yutori / free time / 日常行動
Research Abstract

Since April 1995, Japanese schools have changed their schedules from six-day weeks to two five-day and two six-day weeks a month. This research project focuses on the effect of this change on Japanese adolescents' weekly rhythms.
The main purpose of this research was to describe Japanese students' daily experiences, especially yutori (defined as the subjective perception of leisure) experience and to clarify the structure of yutori time. Research on 499 junior high school students was conducted from December 1999 to January 2001, using the Experience Sampling Method. More than 11, 000 self-reports of daily experiences were collected from 12 junior high school students surrounding the area surrounding. The data include activities, locations, companionship, mood, feelings of yutori, and perceptions of yutori experiences.
The research yielded the following results : 1. Students are involved in various activities, although much of their time is spent on Bukatsu and Juku. Bukatsu is general Japanese term for after-school sports and cultural activities organized by schools. Juku refers to cram schools where students go to receive supplementary instruction, mainly in preparation for entrance examinations. While attending bukatsu and juku, students' overall mood is quite negative and their yutori feeling is low. 2. In their remaining free time, Japanese adolescents spend most of their time watching TV, reading, resting and relaxing. 3. The weekly pattern of yutori feeling score is measured. Mean yutori feeling score were predictably higher on weekends than weekdays. 4. Mean yutori feeling score were not significantly different between five-day and six-day school weeks. 5. As a yutori feeling increases, perceived freedom and intrinsic motivation increase. This finding supports the explanations of the concept of leisure by Neulinger, Kelly, and Iso-Ahola. This result is very important for conducting cross-cultural research in the area of leisure.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2001 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2000 Annual Research Report
  • 1999 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (4 results)

All Other

All Publications (4 results)

  • [Publications] Nishino, Hitoshi: "'Four Types and Plus One : Styles of Free Time Experiences of Japanese Adolescent', in Suman Verma and Reed Larson (eds.) New Direction for Child and Adolescent Development : International Parspective on the Use of Free Time by Adolescents"San Francisco : Jossey-Bass (in print). 100 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nishino, Hitoshi: "Four Types and Plus One: Style of Free Time Experiences of Japanese Adolescent"Suma Verma, and Reed Larson(eds.) New Direction for Child and Adolescent Development: International Perspective on the Use of Free Time by Adolescents, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. (in print). (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 西野 仁: "中学生の「ゆとり」経験について(1)"レジャー・レクリエーション研究. 46号. 83-84 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hitoshi Nishino: "Four types and Plus One; Style of Free Time Experience of Japanese Adolescents in International Perspectives on the Use of Free Time by Adolescents by S.Verma&R.Larson"Josey-Buss,San Francisco,CA(in print). (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2000-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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