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Search of Natural Fullerenes in Chinese Coal Layers

Research Project

Project/Area Number 11691149
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section海外学術
Research Field Structural/Functional materials
Research InstitutionTOYOHASHI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

Principal Investigator

OSAWA Eiji  DEPARTMENT OF TECHNOLOGY, TOYOHASHI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, PROFESSOR, 工学部, 教授 (40001763)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) HOYANAGI Koichi  SHINSHU-UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, 理学部, 助教授 (30202302)
CHIZIWA Kazutoyo  YAMAGUCHI-UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, 工学部, 教授 (50217238)
TANAKA Kazuyoshi  KYOTO-UNIVERISTY, 大学院・工学研究科, 教授 (90155119)
小澤 理樹  豊橋技術科学大学, 大学院・工学研究科, 助手 (30293757)
Project Period (FY) 1999 – 2000
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2001)
Budget Amount *help
¥5,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥2,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥2,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000)
KeywordsNatural fullerene / C60 / Coal / Phase transition of carbon by shock compression / Meteorite crater / Soot-like carbon nanoparticles / Time-of-flight mass spectroscopy / HPLC / 天然C_<60> / 石炭ガス爆発 / 衡撃波 / 南アフリカトランパール地方 / ダイク地形 / C_<60> / 炭素ナノチューブ / 炭素含有鉱物 / 炭素ナノ粒子 / 炭素オニオン / カーボンブラック
Research Abstract

Debates on the existence of fullerenes in nature still remain unsettled. Concentration levels of C_<60> allegedly detected in black geological layers like KT and PT or from carbon-containing rocks collected from meteorite impact craters are generally less than 0.1 ppm and are difficult to confirm. The only case that reports sufficiently high natural fullerene concentrations is a coal sample taken from Yipinglang coal mine in Yunnan, China. Unfortunately the information on this rare sample was rare and inaccurate. The purpose of this search is to confirm the report by our own survey.
Three survey trips were made with geologists to not only the Yipinglang mine but also to the other coal mines in China to collect coal samples ourselves. A final trip was made to South Africa where novel coal beds intruded by magmas and the world's oldest and largest meteorite crater were surveyed.
The results are as follows. (1) Only the Yipinglang coal sample that had been reported to contain C_<60> was con … More firmed to contain as high as 0.3 % of C_<60>/C_<70>. This particular coal sample was found to contain, in addition to fullerenes, soot-like microstructure of nano-sized graphitic nanoparticles, and two kinds of new minerals, probably a high temprature-high pressure modifications of known minerals. (2) All other samples collected were negative with respect to the fullerene analysis.
In spite of these results, we were not allowed to enter the underground mine for the reason of safety, neither to study 3D underground maps. However, after patient and long negotiations, we eventually succeeded in obtaining large number of coal samples from Yipinglang mine whose exact underground locations were recorded. Preliminary tests on a time-of-flight mass spectrometer proved positive for a few samples among them and currently work is going on for quantitative analysis with a HPLC.
Based on several pieces of evidence, we propose natural shock compression as the cause of formation of C_<60> in coal. Strong evidence is available for the verification of the formation of C60/C70 in a shock tube experiment. We are in the process of cooperative research with National Aerospace Laboratory to study the formation of fullerenes upon irradiation of plasma jet stream onto graphite surface in a heated wind tunnel. Less

Report

(3 results)
  • 2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • 2000 Annual Research Report
  • 1999 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (33 results)

All Other

All Publications (33 results)

  • [Publications] Z.Slanina: "Relative stabilities of the C92 IPR isomers"J. Mol. Model.. 6. 312-317 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] V.Y.Davidov: "Storage of hydrogen in chemisorbed state in aromatic compounds and fullerene C60 complexes with platinum"Int. Sci. J. Alt. Ener. Ecol.. 1. 182-183 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] F.Uhlik: "Thermodynamic properties of He@C60"Fullerene Sci. Technol.. 8. 453-460 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] J.Jehlika: "Fullerenes in solid bitumens from pillow lavas of pre-cambrian age (Mitov, Bohemian Massif)"Fullerene Sci. Technol.. 8. 449-452 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.H.Lee.: "Structures and energetics of regioisomers of C60 dimer and trimers"J. Phys. Chem.. 104. 7038-7042 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Z.Slanina: "Computational modeling of the elemental catalysis in the Stone-Wales Fullerene Rearrangements"J. Organomet. Chem.. 599. 57-61 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] E.Osawa(Ed.): "Perspectives on Fullerene Nanotechnology"Kluwer Academic Publishers. 367 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Davydov, V. Ya. ; Sheppard, N. ; Osawa, E.: "An Infrared Spectroscoic Study of the Hydrogenation and Dehydrogeneation of the Complexes of Aromatic Compounds and of Fullerene C_<60> with Silica-Supported Platinum"J. Catalysis. 211. 42-52 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shames, A.I. ; Panich, A.M. ; Kempinski, W. ; Alexenskii, A.E. ; Baidakova, M.V. ; Dideikin, A.T. ; Osipov, V. Yu. ; Siklitski, V.I. ; Osawa, E. ; Ozawa, M. ; Vul, A. Ya.: "Defects and Impurities in Nanodiamonds : EPR, NMR and TEM Study"J. Phys. Chem. Solids. 63. 1993-2001 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ozawa, M. ; Goto, H. ; Kusunoki, M. ; Osawa, E.: "Continuously Growing Spiral Carbon Nanoparticles as the Intermediates in the Formation of Fullerenes and Nano-onions"J. Phys. Chem. B.. 106[29]. 7135-7138 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Slanina, Z. ; Iida, S. ; Zhao, X. ; Chiang, L.Y. ; Adamowicz, L. ; Osawa, E.: "Computations of Hexa-nitrated and Hexa-anilinated Fullerenes"Synth. Metals. 121. 1101-1102 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Uhlik, F. ; Slanina, Z. ; Osawa, E.: "C78 IPR Fullerenes : Computed B3LYP/6-31G^*//HF/3-21G Temperature-dependent Relative Concentrations"Eur. Phys. J.D.. 16. 349-352 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Slanina, Z. ; Uhlik, F. ; Lee, S.-L. ; Osawa, E.: "Geometrical and Thermodynamic Approaches to the Relative Stabilities of Fullerence Isomers"MATCH. 44. 335-348 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Braun T. ; Osawa, E. ; Detre, C. ; Toth, I.: "On some analytical aspects of the determination of fullerenes in samples from the permian/triassic boundary layers"Chem. Phys. Lett.. 348. 361-362 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Lee, K.H. ; Park, S.S. ; Suh, Y.S. ; Yamabe, T. ; Osawa, E. ; Luethi, H.P. ; Gutta, P. ; Lee, C.: "Similarity and Difference of (C_<60>)_2^<2-> of (C_<59>N)_2 Conformers"J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 123. 11085-11086 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Slanina, Z. ; Zhao, X. ; Deota, P., Osawa, E.: "Relative Stabilities of the C_<92> IPR Isomers"J. Mol. Model.. 6. 312-317 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Zhao, X. ; Slanina, Z. ; Ozawa, M. ; Osawa, E. ; Deota, P. ; Tanabe, K.: "C_<32> : Computations of the Low-Energy Cages with Four-Membered Rings"Fullerene Sci. Technol.. 8[6]. 595-613 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Z.Slanina ほか3名: "Computations of IPR Isomers of C_<88> and C_<90>"Nanostinct.Mater.. (印刷中). (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Z.Slanina ほか4名: "Computations of Metal-covered C_<60> and C_<70>"Comput.Mater.Sci.. 18. 308-314 (2000)

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      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Z.Slanina ほか3名: "Enthalpy-Entropy Interplay for C_<36> Cages : B3LYP/6-3LG^* Calculations"J.Chem.Phys.. 113・12. 4933-4937 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Uhlik ほか2名: "Thermodynamic Properties of He @C_<60>"Fullerene Sci.Technol.. 8・4-5. 351-367 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Z.Slanina ほか3名: "A Computational Treatment of 35 IPR Isomer of C_<88>"Fullerene Sci.Technol.. 8・4-5. 433-447 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.H.Lee ほか7名: "Structures and Energetics of Regioisomers of C_<60> Dimer and Trimers"J.Phys.Chem.. 104. 7038-7042 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Z.Slanina ほか3名: "Fullerenes-Chemistry, Physics, and Technology"Wiley-Interscience. 283-330 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 大澤映二: "カーボンナ/チューグーナ/デバイスへの挑戦"化学同人(京都). 47-50 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] E.Osawa: "Natural Fullerenes"Fullerene Sci. Technol.. 7・4. 637-652 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Ozawa: "Production of Fullerenes by Combustion"Fullerene Sci. Technol.. 7・3. 387-409 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 大澤映二: "新しい炭素クラスターーアーク放電に次ぐフラーレン製造法をめざしてー"プラズマ・核融合学会誌. 75・8. 914-920 (1999)

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      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 大澤映二: "天然フラーレン"超微粒子とクラスター懇談会会報. 2・2. 3-6 (1999)

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      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 保柳康一: "砕層性堆積物からなる睦棚ー朝海でのODP掘削ー第174A次航海ニュージャージー沖海水準変動の例"月刊地球. 21・11. 741-746 (1999)

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      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 千々和一豊: "等なんアジア諸国の石炭地質と石炭資源開発の国際協力について"九州大学「アジアの石炭問題と日本の石炭産業」(報告書). 2-9 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] E.Osawa: "Advances in Strained and Interesting Organic Moleaules"JAI Press,Inc.,Stamford,Connecticut. 259 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 大澤映二: "炭素第三の同素体フラーレンの化学"学会出版センター東京. 258 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1999 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1999-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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