| Project/Area Number |
11833005
|
|---|
| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
|
| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
|---|
| Section | 一般 |
|---|
| Research Institution | Shizuoka University |
|---|
Principal Investigator |
YOSHIMURA Jin Shizuoka Univ., Fac. Of Engineering, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (10291957)
|
|---|
| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
CHIBA Satoshi Tohoku Univ. Grad. Sch., Fac. Sci., Assoc. Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教授 (10236812)
KAWATA Masakado Tohoku Univ., Grad. Sch., Fac. Sci., Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (90204734)
HASEGAWA Takaihro Shizuoka Univ., Fac. Of Engineering, Lecturer, 工学部, 講師 (40293609)
|
|---|
| Project Period (FY) |
1999 – 2002
|
| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2002)
|
| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1999: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
|
|---|
| Keywords | speciation / sexual selection / individual-based model / reinforcement / land snails / simulation / numerical analysis / 陸生貝類 / 陸性貝類 |
|---|
| Research Abstract |
The purpose of this study is to investigate the conditions that allows speciation that is the only source of species diversity of organisms. This study to scrutinize the speciation mechanisms is carried out by the theoretical studies and the empirical studies using fossil records and molecular phylogeny.
Specifically, we build a basic individual-based model of sexual selection and studied the possibility and conditions of speciation. We examined how the likelihood of speciation depends on the distributions of a male sexual character and the associated female preference characters. We found that the frequency of speciation events increases with the overall variations in the male and female traits that depend on the duration of isolation of two conspecific populations. This indicates that the speciation events are not limited by ecological niche widths, rather it is unlimited due to the variation in mating preferences.
This result suggests, that extraordinal species diversity seen in some communities, such as tropical forests and cichlid fishes in African lakes could be possible due to speciation by sexual selection.
We carried out many extensions and related studies of biodiversity and mating behavior from the main project : (1) large-scale model of multiple speciations in relation to geographical spatial distributions and long-term environmental fluctuations (e.g., glacial periods), (2) the lattice model of stability and coexistence of many species (grassland community model) to evaluate the stability and coexistence of newly speciated species, (3) an individual-based mating behavior model of hilltopping behavior in insects and simulations, and (4) the quantitative analyses of stability and seasonality of animal sex ratios.
|
