| Project/Area Number |
11NP0201
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Creative Scientific Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Institution | KYOTO UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
MIYATA Takashi Kyoto University, Graduate School of Science, Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (20022692)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HORI Hiroshi Nagoya University, Graduate School of Science, Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (60116663)
GOJOBORI Takashi National Institute of Genetics, Center for Information Biology and DDBJ, Professor, 生命情報DDBJセンター, 教授 (50162136)
SHICHIDA Yoshinori Kyoto University, Graduate School of Science, Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (60127090)
AGATA Kiyokazu RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Evolutionary Regeneration Group, Group Director, 発生再生科学総合研究センター・形態進化研究チーム, グループディレクター (70167831)
KURATANI Shigeru RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Laboratory for Evolutionary Morphology, Team Reader, 発生再生科学総合研究センター・形態進化研究チーム, チームリーダー (00178089)
岡田 典弘 東京工業大学, 大学院・生命理工学研究科, 教授 (60132982)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1999 – 2003
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2003)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥585,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥525,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥60,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥260,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥200,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥60,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥325,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥325,000,000)
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| Keywords | molecular evolution / diversity / molecular phylogeny / evolution of visual pigment / evolution of brain / vertebrate jaw evolution / speciation / genome evolution / 四足動物の起源 / 性染色体の起源 / 顎の進化 / ゲノムの多様化 / 遺伝子 / 形態 / 多細胞動物 / 立襟鞭毛虫 / 種分化 / 種文化 / ゲノム再編 / 生物多様性 / 形態進化 / 遺伝子族 |
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| Research Abstract |
Relationship between molecular evolution and organismal evolution, an important problem left to be clarified in molecular evolution field, have been studied in collaboration with researchers from three research fields, molecular evolution, molecular developmental biology, and molecular physiology. Our results of this project are as follows. (1)Takashi MIYATA (Kyoto Univ.), "The molecular bases of organismal diversity" : A molecular phylogeny-based analysis of several animal-specific gene families revealed that gene diversification had been completed before the parazoan-eumetazoan split and therefore there is no direct link between gene diversification and the Cambrian explosion. (2)Yoshinori SHICHIDA (Kyoto Univ.), "Functional diversity of visual pigments and its relationship with diversity of vision" : Functional analyses of the mouse models constructed using knock-in technology revealed close relationship between diversification of a visual pigment and that of a visual function. (3)T
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akashi GOJOBORI (National Inst. Genetics), "Study for biodiversity by comparative genomics and the database for expressed cDNA on planarian brain" : The pattern of commonly expressed genes in ear and eye suggested the common ancestral organs of ear and eye existed before diversification of those two organs. (4)Hiroshi HORI (Nagoya Univ.), "Active medaka transposon and genome rearrangement" : We succeeded in isolating the medaka fish transposable element, Tol2, and characterized the regulatory mechanism in the medaka genome, involving the expression of these mRNAs. (5)Shigeru KURATANI (RIKEN CDB), "Molecular developmental studies on vertebrate jaw evolution" : We isolated lamprey cognates of regulatory genes known to be involved in jaw patterning in gnathostomes and showed that oral patterning in the lamprey is based on the shifted cell-cell interactions between the epithelium and crest-derived ectomesenchyme as compared to that in gnathostomes. (6)Kiyokazu AGATA (RIKEN CDB), "Unraveling a fundamental genetic program for brain development and investigating the change of it in the brain evolution process" : Using EST, DNA microarray, in situ hybridization, and RNAi technologies, we succeeded in isolating a novel gene, noudarake, which involved in planarian brain formation. (7)Masami HASEGAWA (Inst. Statistical Math.), "Development of methods for molecular phylogenetics and their application to mammalian evolution" : Various methods for inferring molecular phylogenies based on the maximum likelihood method were developed. Applying these methods to mammalian and protistan evolution, we found frequent convergent evolution in morphological level. (8)Yoichi MATSUDA (Hokkaido Univ.), "Evolution of birds and reptiles inferred from genome structure" : Comparative cytogenetic maps of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle and the Japanese four-striped rat snake were constructed with EST clones. The cytogenetic maps revealed the close relatedness of turtles to birds rather than to snakes. We also showed that the avian and snake sex Z chromosomes were derived from the different chromosomes of the common ancestor. (9)Norihiro OKADA (Tokyo Inst. Tech.), "Diversification and speciation mechanism of cichlid fishes of Lake Victoria in Africa" : We found population-specific variation at the long wavelength-sensitive (LWS) opsin locus from more than 200 endemic species of haplochromine fishes in the East African Lake Victoria which would provide an insight into species formation. Less
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