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聴神経核における特徴抽出回路の形成と機能

Research Project

Project/Area Number 12053233
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Biological Sciences
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

大森 治紀  京都大学, 医学研究科, 教授 (30126015)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 石井 孝広  京都大学, 医学研究科, 助手 (40303812)
古谷野 好 (古谷 野好)  京都大学, 医学研究科, 助教授 (50183041)
Project Period (FY) 2000 – 2004
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
Budget Amount *help
¥98,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥98,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥26,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥26,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥17,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥17,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥17,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥17,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥19,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥19,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥17,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥17,200,000)
Keywords聴覚 / 低閾地K電流 / 神経回路 / 音源定位 / 同時検出 / 低閾値K電流 / 低闘値K電流 / H電流 / 特徴抽出 / 層状核 / MNTB / シナプス / lh電流 / 蝸牛神経核 / 大細胞核 / 角状角 / シナプス伝達 / 位相応答特性
Research Abstract

音源定位機能には広い動物種に亘って、周波数に依存した感度の違いがあり、中間周波数における解像度が向上している。本年度は、周波数領域に対応して大細胞核(NM)および層状核(NL)における、信号伝達特性および同時検出特性をニワトリヒナの脳幹切片標本を用いて明らかにした。NMでは高周波数から中間周波数領域において、聴神経の形成するシナプス終末が巨大な杯状であり、シナプス電流も非常に大きく、活動電位発射に至る時間的な揺らぎは10マイクロ秒程度であり、非常に正確な時間情報の抽出とシナプス伝達特性を持つことが証明できた。さらに、左右のNMから入力を受けるNLでは中間周波数領域で精度の高い同時検出機構を持つことが明らかになった。NM、およびNLにおいて、低閾値K電流の発現パターンを特異抗体を用いて検討したところ、NMではKv1.1が、NLではKv1.2の分布が周波数領域依存的であり、NMでは高周波数領域での分布が高く、NLでは中間周波数領域での分布が高かった。こうした結果は行動学的に知られている中間周波数領域での高い音源定位精度に対応するものであり、NLにおける同時検出精度の周波数依存性が、動物行動に大きく関与する可能性が明らかになった。これは、音源定位という複雑な聴覚機能も、左右の音情報を抽出し、比較する最初の神経核のレベルで相当な、精度の決定が行われることを示した研究であり、聴覚特徴抽出機構の理解に大きく貢献する研究である。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2004 Annual Research Report
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • 2001 Annual Research Report
  • 2000 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (16 results)

All 2005 2004 Other

All Journal Article (2 results) Book (1 results) Publications (13 results)

  • [Journal Article] Tonotopic specialization of auditory coincidence detection in nucleus laminaris of the chick2005

    • Author(s)
      Hiroshi Kuba, Rei Yamada, Iwao Fukui, Harunori Ohmori
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neuroscience 25(8)

      Pages: 1924-1934

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Tonotopic Gradients of membrane and synaptic properties for neurons of the chicken nucleus magnocellularis2004

    • Author(s)
      Iwao Fukui, Harunori Ohmori
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neuroscience 24(34)

      Pages: 7514-7523

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 標準生理学第5判2005

    • Author(s)
      小沢瀞司, 福田康一郎, 本間研一, 大森治紀, 大橋俊夫 編集
    • Total Pages
      1111
    • Publisher
      医学書院
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Iwao Fukui, Harunori Ohmori: "Developmental changes in membrane excitability and morphology of neurons in the nucleus angularis of the chicken."Journal of Physiology. 548.1. 219-232 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hiroshi Kuba, Rei Yamada, Harunori Ohmori: "Evaluation of the limiting acuity of coincidence detection in nucleus laminaris of the chicken."Journal of Physiology. 552.2. 611-620 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 福井, 久場, 大森: "聴神経核における特徴抽出回路の働き"蛋白質 核酸 酵素. 49.3. 427-477 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kuba H, Koyano K, Ohmori H: "Development of membrane ocnductance improves coincidence detection in the nucleus laminaris of the chicken"Journal of Physiology. 540.2. 529-542 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kuba H, Koyano K, Ohmori H: "Synaptic depression improves the coincidence detection at nucleus laminaris in brainstem slices of the chick embryo"European Journal of Neuroscience. 15. 984-990 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ishii TM, Takano M, Ohmori H: "Determinants of activation Kinetics in mammalian hyperpolarization-activated cation channels"Journal of PHysiology. 537. 93-100 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Chuhma N, Ohmori H: "Role of Ca2+ in the synchronization of transmitter releases at calyceal synapse in the auditory system of rat"Journal of Neurophysiology. 87. 222-228 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nao Chuhma, Konomi Koyano, Harunori Ohmori: "Synchronisation of Neurotransmitter Release during Postnatal Development in a Calyceal Presynaptic Terminal"Journal of Physiology. 530. 93-104 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nao Chuhma, H.Ohmori: "Postnatal development of the capacity of Ca2+ clearance at the synapse on MNTB principal neuron"Brain Research. 904. 341-344 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Takahiro M Ishii, Makoto Takano, Harunori Ohmori: "Determinants of activation kinetics in mammalian hyperpolarization-activated cation channels"Journal of Physiology. 537. 93-100 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nao Chuhma, H.Ohmori: "Role of Ca2+ in the synchtonization of transmitter release at calyceal synapse in the auditory system of rat"Journal of Neurophysiology. 87. 222-228 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Chuhma,N et al: "Synchronisation of Neurotransmitter Release during Postnatal Development in a Calyceal Presynaptic Terminal"Journal of PHysiology. 530.1,. 93-104 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Toda,H et al: "Neurons gene rated from adult rat hippocampal stem cells from functional glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses in vitro."Exper imental Neurology. 165(1). 66-76 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2000-04-01   Modified: 2018-03-28  

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