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人工細胞構築のための光学的制御技術の確立

Research Project

Project/Area Number 12131206
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Science and Engineering
Research InstitutionNagoya University

Principal Investigator

宝谷 紘一  名古屋大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (80025444)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 石島 秋彦  名古屋大学, 大学院・工学研究科, 助教授 (80301216)
Project Period (FY) 2000 – 2003
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2003)
Budget Amount *help
¥24,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥24,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥7,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥8,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥9,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,100,000)
Keywordsリポソーム / 人工細胞 / 暗視野顕微鏡 / 光ピンセット / ナノメーター計測 / ナノマシン / 細胞骨格 / 1分子操作 / 暗視野光学顕微鏡 / レーザートウイザー / ナノマシンシステム / 一分子操作
Research Abstract

生細胞は、その機能を遂行するために、多くの状況で膜突起を形成させる。細胞は、細胞骨格を伸張することによって膜突起を形成させているが、その力学的メカニズムを探求するためにリポソームを用いたモデル系を開発した。
リポソーム膜の本質的な特性はわずか5mmの厚さの液晶相であることに由来する。脂質分子の協同作用から生じるメカトロニクス特性を解明することが肝要である。リポソームの形態変化は連続的変化が蓄積して、臨界状態では著しい協同的なトポロジー変化を示すので2次元流体の協同作用を研究する最適の材料である。
当課題で新しく開発したダブルビームのレーザーツイーザーシステムによって、リポソーム内部の張力によってリポソームは、まずレモン型に変型し、次いで管状の突起が楕円球上に非連続的に形成されることが判った。
本年度は、特にこれらの変形過程に必要な力を詳しく測定した。即ち球形からレモン型への変形過程では、長軸の伸張に伴い急激に力は増加し平均15pNの力が要った。
しかし、レモン型端での突起形成と同時に急激にその力は減少し、3pNになった。この力は突起の長さの伸長には依存せず一定であった。驚くべきことに短縮過程でも3pNの大きさは一定に保たれた。そして、突起が短縮して消滅しレモン型に復帰する際に5pNの力が一時的に発生した。これらの結果は、膜の分子構造が管部と球部では異なりその境界を創出したり、消滅させることが膜の小細胞形態形成の主要な要因であることを示している。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • 2001 Annual Research Report
  • 2000 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (29 results)

All Other

All Publications (29 results)

  • [Publications] F.Nomura他: "Capabilities of liposomes for topological transformation"Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 98. 2340-2345 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura他: "Morphological and Topological Transformation of Membrane Vesicles."J.Biol.Phys.. 28. 225-235 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H.Hotani他: "Morphological and Topological Transformation of Liposomes."New Approaches to Structural Mechanics, Shells and Biological Structures. 435-446 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Y.Fukata他: "CRMP-2 Binds to Tubulin Heterodimers to Promote Microtubule Assembly"Nature Cell Biol.. 4. 583-591 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura他: "Mechanical Analyses of Morphological and Topological Transformation of Liposomes."Biosystems. 71. 93-100 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura他: "Microscopic observations reveal that fusogenic peptides induce liposome shrinkage prior to membrane fusion"Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 101. 3420-3425 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura他: "Dynamic transformation of liposomes revealed by dark-field microscopy"Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis. 132. 495-500 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura: "Capabilities of liposomes for topological transformation"Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. USA. 98. 2340-2345 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Ichihara: "Visualization of the Stop of Microtubule Depolymerization at the Cluster of Microtubule-Associated Protein 2 (MAP2)"J.Mol.Biol.. 312. 107-118 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura: "Dynamic transformation of liposomes revealed by dark-field microscopy"Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis. 132. 495-500 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura: "Morphological and Topological Transformation of Membrane Vesicles"J.Biol.phys.. 28. 225-235 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Takiguchi: "Liposomes Possess Drastic Capabilities for Topological Transformation"Eur.J. of ChemPhys.Chem.. 3. 571-574 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 宝谷紘一: "細胞モデル形成"化学工業. 53,#5. 54-59 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H.Hotani et al.: "New Approaches to Structural Mechanics, Shells and Biological Structures"Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 446 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H.Hotani: "Giant lipsomes : From memberane dynamics to cell morphogesesis"Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science. 4. 358-368 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H.Kitazawa: "Ser787 in Proline-Rich of Human MAP4 is a Critical Phosphorylation Site that Reduces its Activity to Promote Tubulin Polymerization"Cell Structure and Function. 25. 33-39 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura: "Capabilities of liposomes for topologic toransformation"Proc. Natl. Sci. USA. 98(5). 2340-2345 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Ichihara: "Visualization of the Stop of Microtubule Depolymerization at the Cluster of Microtubule-Associated Protein 2(MAP2)"J. Mol. Biol.. 312. 107-118 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura: "Morphological and Topological Transformation of Membrane Vesicles"J. Biol. phys.. (in press). (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Takiguchi: "Liposomes Possess Drastic Capabilities for Topological Transfomation"Eur. J. of Chemphys. Chem.. (in press). (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura, et al.: "Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis"Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Nether lnads. 495-500 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Honda: "Morphogenesis of Liposomes Encapsulating Actin Depends on the Type of Actin-Crosslinking."J.Mol.Biol.. 287(2). 293-300 (1999)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Y.Suezaki: "A Statistical Mechanical Theory fot the Adsorption of Protein to Liposomal Membranes."Biophys.Chem.. 80. 119-128 (1999)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.J.Itoh: "Inhibition of Microtubule Assembly by HPC-1/Syntaxin 1A, An Exocytosis Relating Protein."Cell Struc.Func.. 24. 359-364 (1999)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H.Hotani: "Giant liposomes : From membrane dynamics to cell morphogenesis"Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science. 4. 358-368 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura: "Capabilities of liposomes for topological transformation"Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 98(5). 2340-2345 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 宝谷紘一: "細胞をつくる-人工膜小胞と細胞骨格からなる細胞モデル-"日本機械学会会誌. 103. 74-77 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura: "Statistical Physics"American Institute of Physics, New York. 426-434 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Nomura: "Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis"Elsevier Science B.V.Amsterdam, The Nether lands. 495-500 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2001-04-01   Modified: 2018-03-28  

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