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Petrological research on magma behavior during volcanic eruptions

Research Project

Project/Area Number 12304033
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Petrology/Mineralogy/Science of ore deposit
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

NAKADA Setsuya  Earthquake Research Institute, Professor, 地震研究所, 教授 (60128056)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) YASUDA Atsushi  Earthquake Research Institute, Associate Professor, 地震研究所, 助教授 (70222354)
FUJII Toshitsugu  Earthquake Research Institute, Professor, 地震研究所, 教授 (00092320)
Project Period (FY) 2000 – 2002
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2002)
Budget Amount *help
¥46,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥41,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,980,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥19,760,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,560,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥25,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥25,100,000)
KeywordsVolcanic eruption / Degassing / Miyakejima volcano / Usu volcano / Unzen volcano / Petrology / Eruption products / Magma behavior / 三宅島噴火 / 有珠山噴火 / 脱ガス過程 / 噴火のモデル / マグマ過程 / マグマ移動
Research Abstract

Decompression and degassing process during volcanic eruptions magma becomes vesiculated and crystallization of melt occur. As a result, diversities of melt compositions and rock texture appear. In the research, we aimed at understanding of magmatic behaviors during eruptions, by reading the above petrological characteristics. Samples from Miyakejima, Usu, and Unzen volcanoes were investigated.
During the 2000 eruption at Miyakejima, basaltic andesite magma that generated eruption was replaced with phyric basalt magma in the early August. Melt inclusions from these magmas with different bulk compositions have the chemistry not distinct largely to each other, including volatile contents. The method to calculate oxygen fugacity on volcanic glass was developed, and the pressure was estimated to be near NNO for both magmas. Grain size analysis of the tephra showed large fragmentation and small dispersion, characterizing phreatomagmatic eruption rather than magmatic eruption.
The magma ascent speed was estimated roughly, based on crystallinity and vesicularity of the 2000 eruption products at Usu ; where.two-stage vesiculation events were proposed. As fragmentation of lavas occurred before and after quenching near surface, petrological distinguishing of one from the another becomes important for discussion.
The extents of crystallinity in groundmass and degassing, the latter of which was estimated from porosity of lavas, are linked intimately to depths of low-frequency earthquakes during the 1991-95 eruption at Unzen. We expected the genetic relationship of low-frequency earthquakes with fragmentation of foamy magma and the associated flowage of volatiles. We introduced a model in which magma more enriched in volatile can be broken by larger strain rate, accompanied by high decompression rate.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2002 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2001 Annual Research Report
  • 2000 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (34 results)

All Other

All Publications (34 results)

  • [Publications] 中田節也ほか: "三宅島2000年噴火の経緯-山頂陥没口と噴出物の特徴-"地学雑誌. 110. 168-180 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 安田 敦, 中田節也, 藤井敏嗣: "2000年三宅島噴出物のmelt inclusionに記録されたS濃度とfO2環境"火山. 46. 167-173 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 安田 敦, 中田節也, 藤井敏嗣: "三宅島2000年噴火:噴出物中のガラス包有物組成の特徴とSO2大量放出の要因"東大地震研彙報. 77. 43-54 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Geshi, N., T.Shimano, T.Chiba, S.Nakada: "Caldera collapse during the 2000 eruption of Miyakejima volcano, Japan"Bulletin of Volcanology. 64. 55-68 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 鈴木由紀, 中田節也: "気泡組織・サイズ分布から見た有珠山2000年噴火でのマグマ上昇と発泡プロセス"火山. 47. 675-688 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 下司信夫, 中田節也ほか: "三宅島火山2000年噴火のマグマ供給系"火山. 66. 2273-2285 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 中田節也(執筆分担): "東京大学地震研究所編集地球科学の新展開「マグマダイナミクスと火山噴火」鍵山恒臣編(1章,5章)"朝倉書店. 212 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nakada,S. et al.: "Chronology of the Miyakejima 2000 eruption : characteristics of summit collapsed crater and eruption products"Journal of Geography. 102. 168-180 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yasuda,A., Nakada,S., Fujii,T.: "Sulfur Abundance and redox state of melt inclusions from Miyake-jima 2000 eruption products"Bulletin of Volcanological Society of Japan. 46. 165-173 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yasuda,A., Nakada,S., Fujii,T.: "Composition of melt inclusions from 2000 Miyakejima eruption and implications for vigorous SO2 emission"Bulletin of Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo. 77. 43-54 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Geshi,N., Nakada,S. et al.: "Caldera collapse during the 2000 eruption of Miyakejima volcano, Japan"Bulletin of Volcano. 64. 55-68 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Suzuki,Y., Nakada,S.: "Vesiculation and magma ascent process in the Usu 2000 eruption, inferred from texture and size distribution of bubbles"Bulletin of Volcanological Society of Japan. 47. 675-688 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Geshi,N., Nakada,S.: "Magma plumbing system of the 2000 eruption on Miyakejima volcano, Japan"Bulletin of Volcanological Society of Japan. 66. 2273-2285 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nakada,S.: "New development of Earth Science 3. Earthquake Research Institute (kagiyama,T. Ed.), Asakura-shoten""Magma dynamics and volcanic eruptions" chaps.1 and 5. 212 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kaneko T., M.J.Wooster, S.Nakada: "Exogenous and endogenous growth of the Unzen lava dome examined by satellite infrared image analysis"J.volcanol. Geotherm. Res.. 115. 151-161 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Geshi N., T.Shimano, T.Chiba, S.Nakada: "Caldera collapse during the 2000 eruption of Miyakejima volcano, Japan"Bull. Volcanology. 64. 55-68 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 鈴木由紀, 中田節也: "気泡組織・サイズ分布から見た有珠山2000年噴火でのマグマ上昇と発泡プロセス"火山. 47. 675-688 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kaneko T., A.Yasuda, T.Ishimaru M.et al.: "Satellite hot spot monitoring for Janaese volcanoes : a prototype AVHRR based system"Advances Enviro. Monitor. Model.. 1・3. 153-166 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yoshino T., K.Mibe, A.Yasuda, T.Fujii: "Wetting properties of anorthite aggregates : implications for fluid connectivity in continental lower crust"J. Geophys. Res.. 107. ECV10-1-ECV10-8 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mibe K., T.Fujii, A.Yasuda: "Composition of aqueous fluid coexisting with mantle minerals at high pressure and its bearing on the differentiation of the Earth's mantle"Geochim. Cosmochi. Acta. 66. 2273-2285 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中田節也(執筆分担): "東京大学地震研究所編集地球科学の新展開「マグマダイナミクスと火山噴火」鍵山恒臣編(1章,5章)"朝倉書店. 212 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中田節也, 長井雅史, 安田敦ほか: "三宅島2000年噴火の経緯-山頂陥没口と噴出物の特徴-"地学雑誌. 110・2. 168-180 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kaneko.T., Nakada, et al.: "RADARSAT determination of the outlines of the successively collapsing caldera at the Miyakejima 2000 eruption, Japan"火山. 46・4. 205-209 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 安田敦, 中田節也, 藤井敏嗣: "2000年三宅島噴出物のmelt inclusionに記録されたS濃度とfO2環境"火山. 46・3. 165-173 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nakai.S., S.Fukuda, S.Nakada: "Thorium isotopic measurements on silicate rock samples with a multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer"Analyst. 126. 1707-1710 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中田節也: "有珠山2000年噴火の推移"地震研究所彙報. 76・2. 203-214 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 鈴木由希, 中田節也: "マグマ上昇過程における発泡と結晶作用のタイミング"地震研究所彙報. 76・2. 253-268 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Wooster,M.J.,T.Kaneko,S.Nakada,and H.Shimizu: "Discrimination of lava dome activity styles using satellite-derived thermal structures"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 102(1-2). 97-118 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nakada,S.: "Hazards from pyroclastic flows and surges"In Sigurdsson,H.(ed),"Encyclopedia of Volcanoes", Academic Press. 945-955 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中田節也,清水洋: "雲仙普賢岳噴火と地下モデル"月刊地球. 22(4). 258-263 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中田節也,星住英夫,清水洋: "科学掘削によって期待される成果"月刊地球. 22(4). 278-284 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 宇都浩三,中田節也: "雲仙火山および島原半島火山岩類のマグマ発達史"月刊地球. 22(4). 246-251 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 三部賢治,藤井敏嗣,安田敦: "マントルウエッジ中の水の移動と沈み込み帯における火山フロントの形成"地学雑誌. 109. 590-599 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 山下輝夫 編(中田節也,藤井敏嗣執筆分担): "大地の躍動を見る.新しい地震・火山像"岩波書店、岩波ジュニア新書359. 201 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2000-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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