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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON MINERAL CONDENSATION FROM GAS

Research Project

Project/Area Number 12440152
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 地球化学
Research InstitutionTHE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO

Principal Investigator

HIROKO Nagahara  GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SCIENCE, Professor, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (80172550)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) KAZUHITO Ozawa  GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SCIENCES, Professor, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (90160853)
Project Period (FY) 2000 – 2002
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2002)
Budget Amount *help
¥16,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥16,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥4,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥3,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥8,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,400,000)
KeywordsCondensation / evaporation / stars / the solar system / forsterite / metallic iron / 蒸発 / ウイスカー / 真空実験 / クヌッセンセル / 太陽系星雲 / 元素分別 / 鉱物
Research Abstract

In order to explore the time scale and controlling factors of phases appear during condensation in various stellar environments, experimental approach to get dusts in laboratory was employed. Condensation includes two elementary processes, nucleation and crystal growth, in which condensation is hard to control on the Earth due to the gravitational force. The most abundant elements that form solid materials in the universe are Si, Mg and Fe. Calculation of chemical equilibrium and astrophysical observation around young and evolved stars and interstellar space reveal that forserite, enstatite and metallic iron are the dominant phases. Therefore, experiments of condensation of forsterite, ensatite, and metallic iron dust on substrates without nucleation are planned at low pressure conditions.
At first, development of an experimental equipment was attempted, and an vacuum chamber made of stainless steel with tungsten mesh heated and W and Mo thermal shields were prepared to obtain large amount of hot gas at the condensation spot. The results, however, were found to be unsuitable for condensation of silicate dusts, because the tungsten prevents condensation of oxygen atoms or molecules into silicates. Then, condensation of metallic iron was intended by using iron oxide (Fe2O3) as an evaporation source, and metallic Mo and forsterite for substrates. The source was heated at 1350℃ for 1 to 120 hours, and the reside and condensates were observed with a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analyzed with electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) technique. Condensates were observed on both Mo and forsterite, of which size and amount increase with time, and are determined to be metallic iron. They show cubic shape and the size is larger on forsterite than Mo. The results show that the temperature of substance at a radiation field from a star plays key role on dust growth due to difference in actual temperature.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2002 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2001 Annual Research Report
  • 2000 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (29 results)

All Other

All Publications (29 results)

  • [Publications] Nagahara, H., Ozawa, K.: "Isotopic fractionation as a probe of heating processes in the solar nebula"Chemical Geology. 169. 45-68 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ozawa, K., Nagahara, H.: "Kinetics of diffusion-controlled evaporation of Fe-Mg olivine : experimental study and implications for the cosmochemical fractionation"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 64. 173-189 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kita, N.T., Nagahara, H., Togashi, S., Morishita, Y.: "A short duration of chondrules formation in the solar nebula : Evidence from ^<26>Al in Semarkona ferromagnesian chondrules"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 64. 3913-3922 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Ozawa, H.Nagahara: "Chemical and isotopic fractionations by evaporation and their cosmochemical implications"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 65. 2171-2199 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nagahara, H., Ozawa, K: "The timescale of accretion and core formation of the Earth inferred from Hf-W isotope systematics"Proc. Japan National Academy. 77B. 167-171 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ozawa, K: "Mass balance equations for open magmatic systems : Trace element behavior and its application to open system melting in the upper mantle"Jour. Geophys. Res.. 106. 13407-13434 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tachibana, S., Tsuchiyama, A, Nagahara, H.: "Experimental study of incongruent evaporation kinetics of enstatite in vacuum and in hydrogen gas"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 66. 713-728 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Young, E.D., Galy, A., Nagahara, H: "Kinetic and equilibrium mass-dependent fractionation laws in nature and their geochemical and cosmochemical significance"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 66. 1095-1104 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Mostfaoui, S., Kita, N.T., Togashi, S., Tachibana, S., Nagahara, H., Morishita, Y: "The relative formation ages of ferromagnesian chondrules inferred from their initial 26Al/27Al"Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 37. 421-438 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nagahara, H. and Ozawa, K.: "Isotopic fractionation as a probe of heating processes in the solar nebula"Chemical Geology. 169. 45-68 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ozawa, K. and Nagahara, H: "Kinetics of diffusion-controlled evaporation of Fe-Mg olivine : experimental study and implications for the cosmochemical fractionation"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 64. 173-189 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kita, N. T., Nagahara, H., Togashi, S., and Morishita, Y: "A short duration of chondrules formation in the solar nebula : Evidence from ^<26>Al in Semarkona ferromagnesian chondrules"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 64. 3913-3922 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K. Ozawa and H. Nagahara: "Chemical and isotopic fractionations by evaporation and their cosmochemical implications"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 65. 2171-2199 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nagahara, H. and Ozawa, K: "The timescale of accretion and core formation of the Earth inferred from Hf-W isotope systematics"Proc. Japan National Academy. 77B. 167-171 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ozawa, K: "Mass balance equations for open magmatic systems : Trace element behavior and its application to open system melting in the upper mantle"Jour. Geophys. Res.. 106. 13407-13434 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tachibana, S., Tsuchiyama, A. and Nagahara, H: "Experimental study of incongruent evaporation kinetics of enstatite in vacuum and in hydrogen gas"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 66. 713-728 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Young, E. D., Galy, A., and Nagahara, H: "Kinetic and equilibrium mass-dependent fractionation laws in nature and their geochemical and cosmochemical significance"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 66. 1095-1104 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Mostfaoui, S., Kita, N. T. Togashi, S., Tachibana, S., Nagahara, H. and Morishita, Y.: "The relative formation ages of ferromagnesian chondrules inferred from their initial 26Al/27Al"Meteorit. Planet. Sci.. 37. 421-438 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2002 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tachibana, S., Tsuchiyama, A., Nagahara, H.: "Incongruent evaporation kinetics of enstatite (MgSiO3) -1. Evaporation experiments"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 66. 713-728 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Young, E.D., Galy, A., Nagahara, H.: "Different mass-dependent isotope fractionation laws in nature and their geochemical and cosmochemical significance"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 66. 1095-1104 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mostefaoui, S., Kita, N.T., Togashi, S., Tachibana, S., Nagahara, H.: "The relative formation ages of ferromagnesian chondrules inferred from their initial 26Al/27Al"Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 37. 421-438 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Ozawa, H.Nagahara: "Chemical and isotopic fractionations by evaporation and their cosmochemical implications"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 65. 2171-2199 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nagahara, H., Ozawa, K: "The timescale of accretion and core formation of the Earth inferred from Hf-W isotope systematics"Proc. Japan National Academy. 77B. 167-171 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tachibana, S., Tsuchiyama, A., Nagahara, H.: "Incongruent evaporation kinetics of enstatite (MgSiO3) - 1. Evaporation experiments"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 66(In press). (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Young, E.D., Galy, A., Nagahara, H: "Different mass-dependent isotope fractionation laws in nature and their geochemical and cosmochemical significance"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 66(In press). (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nagahara,H.and Ozawa,K.: "Isotopic fractionation as a probe of heating processes in the solar nebula "Chemical Geology. 169. 45-68 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ozawa,K.and Nagahara,H.: "Kinetics of diffusion-controlled evaporation of Fe-Mg oilvine : experimental study and implications for the cosmochemical fractionation"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 64. 173-189 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kita,N.T.,Nagahara,H.,Togashi,S.,and Morishita,Y.: "Narrow time interval for chondrule formation in the solar nebula : evidence from 26Al in Semarkona ferromagnesian chondrules"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 64. 3913-3922 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ozawa,K.and Nagahara,H.: "Chemical and isotopic fractionations by evaporation and their cosmochemical implications "Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 65(in press). (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2000-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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