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Water pollution mechanisms caused by bottom sediments in limnology and coastal waters and methods for improving water environments

Research Project

Project/Area Number 12450201
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 水工水理学
Research InstitutionKobe University

Principal Investigator

KANDA Tohru  Kobe University, Faculty of Engineering, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (30029144)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) NAKATSUJI Keiji  Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Professor, 大学院・工学研究科, 教授 (10029324)
MIYAMOTO Hitoshi  Kobe University, Faculty of Engineering, Research Associate, 工学部, 助手 (50283867)
MICHIOKU Kohji  Kobe University, Faculty of Engineering, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (40127303)
TSUJIMOTO Gozo  Kobe City College of Technology, Professor, 教授 (10155377)
NISHIDA Shuzo  Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Associate Professor, 大学院・工学研究科, 助教授 (40172663)
Project Period (FY) 2000 – 2001
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2001)
Budget Amount *help
¥11,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥7,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,200,000)
Keywordswater environment / water pollution / bottom sediment / lake and reservoir / coastal zone / mass transfer / pollutant loading / water purification
Research Abstract

This research deals with mechanisms of water pollution caused by bottom sediments in various waters and examines methods for improving the water environments in these waters. Main results are summarized as follows.
The effect of diffusional mass transfer between bottom sediment and overlying water were investigated theoretically and experimentally. The models to estimate the vertical diflusive flux at the sediment/water interface were formulated for smooth bed, rough bed and turbulent flow in a rectangular concave. Moreover, to investigate flow structures over such bed forms, the turbulent flows in the concave were measured by using a PIV and analyzed by employing a wavelet transform and a proper orthogonal decomposition.
A plume generated from a sloping boundary of constant buoyancy was investigated experimentally and theoretically. A theoretical model was developed assuming a self-similar flow structure. Solutions for buoyancy and velocity fields were successfully obtained. The agreement between the analysis and experiments was quite satisfactory. The analysis enables us to quantitatively estimate water quality transport caused by the plume in a reservoir.
To clarify the cycling of nutrient salts in river estuary, field observations were carried out in Osaka Bay area. Results show that 20% of the amounts ofTP and TN supplied from the upstream have settled in the lower reaches of the river, and that most of the organic substances have settled in the area of lOknroflshore from the river mouth. It has been understood that the denitrification phenomenon is playing an important role of a removal of nitrogen in the estuary.
The characteristic of tidal current at Maiko beach was investigated through field data. The eastern direction flow due to the pressure gradient was prominent there and it had a major effect to sediment transport. Then, A numerical method to simulate a run-up over a sloping bed profile was proposed.

Report

(3 results)
  • 2001 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2000 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (24 results)

All Other

All Publications (24 results)

  • [Publications] 東野 誠: "流れ系における水・底泥間の溶質移動過程のモデリング"土木学会論文集. No.698/II-58. 33-43 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 神田 徹: "開水路凹部のせん断混合層における乱流構造のウェーブレット解析"土木学会論文集. No.656/II-52. 121-133 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 道奥康治: "浮力一定の傾斜面から発生するプルーム"水工学論文集. 第45巻. 967-972 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nakatsuji, K.: "Why has Osaka Bay been polluted?"Proc.1st Asian and Pacific Coastal Engineering Conference. 428-438 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nishida, S.: "The effect of wind on interfacial mixing in a highly stratified river"Proc.5th Int.Symp.Stratified Flows. Vol.II. 915-920 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsujimoto, G.: "Velocity field and sediment transport in a man-made embayment"2001 International Symp.on Environmental Hydraulics. 635-640 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Higashino, M. and Kanda, T.: "Modeling of diffusional mass transfer from bottom sediment to flowing water"Journal of hydraulic, coastal and environmental engineering, JSCE. No. 698/II-58. 33-44 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kanda, T., Mryamoto, H. and Makino, W: "Wavelet analysis on turbulent structure in mixing kyer of open-channel flow over concave bed"Journal of hydraulic, coastal and environmental engineering, JSCE. No. 656/II-52. 121-133 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Michioku, K, Fujita, I, Tfckahashi, T. andYabumoto, K: "Plume generated from a sloping benthic layer of constant buoyancy"Annual journal of hydraulic engineering, JSCE. Vol. 45. 967-972 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nakatsuji, K, D. Han andYamane, N: "Why has Osaka Bay been polluted?"Proceedings of the 1st Asian and Pacific Coastal. Engineering Conference, held in Dalian China. 428-438 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nishida, S., Yoshida, S., and Nakatsuji, K: "The effect of wind on interfecial mixing in a highly stratified river"Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Stratified Flows. Vol. II. 915-920 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] G. Tsujimoto and S. Kusakabe: "Velocity field and sediment transport in a man-made embayment"2001 International Symposium on Environmental Hydraulics. 635-640 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2001 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 東野 誠: "流れ系における水・底泥間の溶質移動過程のモデリング"土木学会論文集. No.698/II-58. 33-43 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 道奥康治: "曝気形態と貯水池深層水質との関係について"水工学論文集. 第46巻. 1091-1096 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 宮本仁志: "二次元ウェーブレット変換を用いた開水路凹部流れにおける組織乱流の挙動解析"水工学論文集. 第46巻. 511-516 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nakatsuji, K.: "Why has Osaka Bay been polluted?"Proceedings of the 1st Asian and Pacific Coastal Engineering Conference. 428-438 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 西田修三: "汽水湖における流動構造と物質循環過程"海岸工学論文集. 第48巻. 1116-1120 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 辻本剛三: "バー地形を活用した置き砂法による鳴き砂の音の回復手法に関する研究"海岸工学論文集. 第48巻. 691-695 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Higashino,M.: "Modeling of Diffusional Mass Transfer from Sediment Bed to Flowing Water in Open Channel"Proc.of 4th International Conference for Hydroinformatics 2000. on CD-ROM. (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Michioku,K.: "Inclined wall plume generated by buoyancy flux from sloping bed"Proc.5th Intnl.Sympo.On Stratified Flows. Vol.2. 697-702 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 神田徹: "開水路凹部のせん断混合層における乱流構造のウェーブレット解析"土木学会論文集. No.656/II-52. 121-133 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 白石修章: "関西国際空港沖における潮流と波による底泥の巻き上げ現象"海岸工学論文集. 第47巻. 1076-1080 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 西田修三: "小川原湖の塩水流入特性に関する数値解析"水工学論文集. 第45巻. 1153-1158 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tsujimoto,G.: "Performance of a horizontal plate withpeforations for shorekine Protection"International coastal symposium 2000. 72-73 (2000)

    • Related Report
      2000 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2000-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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