| Project/Area Number |
12650202
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Thermal engineering
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| Research Institution | Nagoya Institute of Technology |
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Principal Investigator |
TAGAWA Masato Nagoya Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Associate Professor, 工学部, 助教授 (80163335)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2000 – 2001
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2001)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2000: ¥2,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000)
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| Keywords | Combustion / Turbulence / Non-Premixed Flame / Pressure Gradient / Counter-Gradient Diffusion / Transport Phenomena / Gas Analysis / Unburned Hydro Carbon / 拡散火炎 / ガスクロマトグラフ |
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| Research Abstract |
The research results are summarized as follows:
(1) "Heat transfer characteristics of a non-premised turbulent flame formed in a curved rectangular duct": Heat transfer characteristics of a non-premixed turbulent flame formed in a curved rectangular duct (180° bend) were investigated experimentally. Key turbulence quantities of velocity and thermal fields such as Reynolds stress components and turbulent heat fluxes were measured using a combined LDV and fine-wire thermocouple technique. These measurements provided direct evidence of the occurrence of the anomalous phenomenon of counter-gradient heat transfer, which can be ascribed to the presence of a strong pressure-gradient in the radial direction of the curved duct. The experiment also revealed that the Onset region of this "counter-gradient" diffusion was adjacent to the strong "gradient" diffusion region. The quantitative appraisal of the production terms for the turbulent heat flux showed that the pressure gradient promoted gradie
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nt diffusion on the inner-wall (low-pressure) side of the curved-duct flame and caused counter-gradient diffusion on the outer-wall (high-pressure) side. The schlieren photography for visualizing the density field showed a totally different behavior of the burned gas parcels between the high- and low-pressure sides of the flame. The essential mechanism causing the counter-gradient diffusion can be explained by the unique motion of the high-temperature (low-density) gas parcel on the high-pressure side of the flame.
High-temperature fluid motions tend to be preferentially damped by the pressure gradient imposed on the flow field. The occurrence of the counter-gradient diffusion phenomenon will of course lead to the collapse of the "gradient-diffusion hypothesis," on which most conventional turbulence models rely. In such a field, the analogy between heat and mass transfer processes, which holds almost always in normal turbulent passive-scalar transport, can disappear.
(2) "Turbulence statistics of a non-premixed flame formed in a curved channel": Statistical characteristics of a non-premixed turbulent flame formed in a curved rectangular channel were investigated experimentally. Two types of flame one is formed in the center of the channel (Flame 1) and the other in the vicinity of the inner-wall (Flame 2) were measured using a simultaneous measurement technique of velocity and temperature. In both flames, counter-gradient diffusion (CGD) emerged in heat transfer at the outer-wall side of the flames. Flame 2 showed more distinct CGD than Flame 1, and its shape was very elongated. Unlike Flame 1, Flame 2 was not associated with strong "gradient-diffusion" heat transfer at the inner-wall side of the flame, and this may strengthen the CGD of Flame 2. Statistical analysis of the turbulent heat-flux revealed the internal structure of the CGD, where high-temperature fluid parcels moving toward the outer-wall side are strongly decelerated (Flame 1), or return with little diffusion (Flame 2). These are the essential features characterizing the turbulent flames under the strong pressure-gradient. Less
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