| Project/Area Number |
12794004
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for University and Society Collaboration
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
応用微生物学・応用生物化学
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| Research Institution | Mie University |
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Principal Investigator |
OHMIYA Kunio Mie University, Faculty of Bioresources, Professor, 生物資源学部, 教授 (60023488)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KARITA Shuichi Mie University, Faculty of Bioresources, Assistant Professor, 生物資源学部, 講師 (90233999)
KIMURA Tetsuya Mie University, Faculty of Bioresources, Associate Professor, 生物資源学部, 助教授 (00281080)
SAKKA Kazuo Mie University, Faculty of Bioresources, Associate Professor, 生物資源学部, 助教授 (20154031)
MISHIMA Takashi Mie University, Faculty of Bioresources, Research Associate, 生物資源学部, 助手 (40314140)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2000 – 2002
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2002)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥19,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥19,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥10,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥9,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,800,000)
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| Keywords | solid waste / shrimp shell / Clostridium paraputrificum / hydrogen gas / host-vector system / fuel cell / two vessel-fermentor / methane / キチン分解嫌気性菌 / キチナーゼ遺伝子 / ヒドロゲナーゼ遺伝子 / クロストリジウム属 / N-アセチルグルコサミン |
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| Research Abstract |
The research was fulfilled under the support of the Grant-in-Aid for University and Society Collaboration (MEXT) in Aichi Prefecture-Nagoya City Area for microbial conversion of solid waste to hydrogen gas by using a chitinolytic anaerobe Clostridium paraputrificum M-21. The productivity of the gas from shrimp shell was increased by improving fermentation ability of the organism by genetic manipulation and by optimization of its cultivation conditions. The details are as follows :
1. C. paraputrificum M-21 isolated from Mie University Campus soil can grow on chitin main high polymer in shrimp shell. Its doubling time was about 30 min when cultivated on N-acetylglucosamin.
2. The genes encoding chitinases and hydrogenase were cloned and their DNA sequences were determined. These enzymes produced by the Escherichia coli transformants were characterized.
3. The host-vector system for Clostridium perfringens was successfully applied to transform C.paraputrificum.
4. Chitinases and hydrogenase of C.paraputrificum were fortified by integrating their genes into the organism by electroporation. The respective transformants revealed higher activities of chitin degradation and hydrogen gas production than wild ones. Hydrogen production was increased up to about 3 mol H2/mol glucose.
5. The biogas produced by the transformant consisted of hydrogen (65%) and carbon dioxide (35%) and screwed propeller when the gas was charged to a fuel cell.
6. A two-vessel fermentor consisting of two fermentors, one for hydrogen and one for methane production was constructed and used to optimize pHs at 6 and 7, respectively.
7. Methane fermentation followed by hydrogen fermentation using the two-vessel fermentor enhanced gas production and reduction of solid waste.
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