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Electric conductivity measurement of the Earth's materials

Research Project

Project/Area Number 13440164
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Petrology/Mineralogy/Science of ore deposit
Research InstitutionOKAYAMA UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

KATSURA Tomoo  OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY, Institute for Study of the Earth's Interior, Associate Professor, 固体地球研究センター, 助教授 (40260666)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) YAMASHITA Shigeru  OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY, Institute for Study of the Earth's Interior, Associate Professor, 固体地球研究センター, 助教授 (30260665)
YONEDA Akira  OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY, Institute for Study of the Earth's Interior, Associate Professor, 固体地球研究センター, 助教授 (10262841)
ITO Eiji  OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY, Institute for Study of the Earth's Interior, Professor, 固体地球研究センター, 教授 (00033259)
URAKAWA Satoru  OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY, Faculty of Science, Associate Professor, 理学部, 助教授 (30201958)
Project Period (FY) 2001 – 2003
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2003)
Budget Amount *help
¥15,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥2,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥2,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥9,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,300,000)
Keywordselectrical conductivity / Hidaka metramorphic / connectivity / iron-iron sulfide / ilmenite / activation energy / activation volume / perovskite / 高圧高温発生装置 / 下部マントル / 橄欖岩 / Fe-S / ブルーサイト
Research Abstract

We measured electrical conductivity of granulite from Hidaka metramorphic belt, Hokkaido, Japan. From the experimental results, we estimated the temperature of the high resistance region at depth of 10-30 km to be 600℃.
We conducted experiments to estimate connectivity of iron-iron sulfide melts in dunite and lherzolite matrixes by means of electrical conductivity measurement. From this series of experiments, we found that iron-iron sulfide melt connects if its volume proportion is more than 5 %. Therefore, segregation of core material from mantle should have easily occurred in the early history of the Earth.
We measured electrical conductivity of (Mg_<0.93>Fe_<0.07>)SiO_3 ilmenite at pressures of 25, 35 and 40 GPa and temperature of 500 to 1000 K. We found the pre-exponential term is constant of 3×10 S/m at all of these pressures. The activation energy at 0 GPa and activation volume are 0.69±0.04 eV and -0.90±0.10 cm^3/mol. Thus pressure dependence of ilmenite is quite large.
We also measured electrical conductivity of (Mg_<0.93>Fe_<0.07>)SiO_3 perovskite at pressures of 35 and 40 GPa and temperature of 500 to 1100 K. We found the pre-exponential term is constant of 1×10 S/m at both of these pressures. The activation energy at 0 GPa and activation volume are 0.39±0.02 eV and -0.06±0.04 cm^3/mol. Thus pressure dependence of pervoskite is one order of magnitude smaller than that of ilmenite.

Report

(3 results)
  • 2003 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (24 results)

All Other

All Publications (24 results)

  • [Publications] Yoshino, T.: "Core formation triggered by grain boundary percolation"Nature. 422. 154-157 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Katsura, T.: "Post-spinel transition in Mg_2SiO_4 determined by in situ X-ray diffractometry"Phys.Earth Planet.Int.. 136. 11-24 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Katsura, T.: "Olivine-wadsleyite transition in the system (Mg, Fe)_2SiO_4"J.Geophys.Res.. 109. B02209 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fuji-ta, K.: "Electrical conductivity measurement of granulite sample under lower crustal pressure-temperature conditions"Geophys.J.Int.. (in press). (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Katsura, T.: "A large-volume high P-T apparatus for in situ X-ray observation'SPEED-mkII'"Phys.Earth Planet.Int.. (in press). (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yoshino, T.: "Connectivity of molten Fe alloy in peridotite based on in situ electrical conductivity measurements : implications for core formation in terrestrial planets"Earth Planet.Sci.Lett.. (in press). (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yoshino, T.: "Core formation triggered by grain boundary percolation"Nature. 154-157 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Katsura, T.: "Post-spinel transition in Mg_2SiO_4 determined by in situ X-ray diffractometry"Phys.Earth Planet.Int.. 136. 11-24 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Katsura, T.: "Olivine-wadsleyite transition in the system (Mg,Fe)_2SiO_4"J.Geophys.Res.. 109. B02209 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fuji-ta, K.: "Electrical Conductivity measurement of granulite sample under lower crustal pressure-temperature conditions"Geophys.J.Int.. (in press). (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Katsura, T.: "A large-volume high P-T apparatus for in situ X-ray observation 'SPEED-mkII'"Phys.Earth Planet.Int.. (in press). (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yoshino, T.: "Connectivity of molten Fe alloy in peridotite based on in situ electrical conductivity measurements : implications for core formation in terrestrial planets"Earth Planet.Sci.Lett.. (in press). (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yoshino, T.: "Core formation triggered by grain boundary percolation"Nature. 422. 154-157 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kubo, A.: "In situ X-ray observation of iron using Kawai-type apparatus equipped with sintered diamond : absence of beta phase up to 44 GPa and 2100 K"Geophys.Res.Lett.. 30. 1126 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Katsura, T.: "Post-spinel transition in Mg2SiO4 determined by in situ X-ray diffractometry"Phys.Earth Planet.Int.. 136. 11-24 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nishiyama, N.: "Precise determination of the phase boundary between B1 and B2 phases in NaCl by in situ X-ray diffraction experiments"Phys.Rev.B. 68. 134109 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Katsura, T.: "Olivine-wadsleyite transition in the system (Mg,Fe)2SiO4"J.Geophys.Res.. 109. B02209 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fuji-ta, K.: "Electrical conductivity measurement of granulite sample under lower crustal pressure-temperature conditions"Geophys.J.Int.. (in press). (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tomioka, N.: "Microstructures and structural phase transition in (Mg, Fe)SiO_3 majorite"Eur. J. Mineral.. 14. 7-14 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Walter, M.J.: "Spinel-garnet lherzolite transition in the system CMAS revised : an in situ X-ray study"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 66. 2109-2121 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yoshino, T.: "Core formation triggered by grain boundary percolation"Nature. (in press). (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Katsura, T.: "Post-spinel transition in Mg_2SiO_4 determined by in situ X-ray diffractometry"Phys. Earth Planet. Int.. (in press). (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kubo, A.: "In situ X-ray observation of iron using Kawai-type apparatus equipped with sintered diamond : absence of beta phase up to 44 GPa and 2100 K"Geophys. Res. Lett.. (in press). (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yoshiasa, A.: "Detailed structures of hexagonal diamond (lonsdaleite) and wurtzite type BN"Jpn. J. Appl. Phy.. (in press). (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2001-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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