| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
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| Research Abstract |
The counseling training of undergraduates was conducted, and 60 cases were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. The dependent variables were subjective units of disturbances, standard scores of depression or anxiety questionnaire according to their complaints. The independent variables were the degree of counselor's intervention, the cognitive changes of the client, the ratings of the counseling by clients or the counseling team, and the client's attribution of improvement.
The higher clients rated of the utility of the counseling, the more subjective units of disturbances after counseling were decreased. The more solution behaviors of client were clarified, and the more counseling team rated client and counselor had consistent goal, the more subjective units of disturbances at the follow up were improved. And, the less clients attributed their improvement to the confirmation of goals or tasks of them, the higher clients rated their hope, and the more clients protective cognition was defused, the more scores of depression or anxiety questionnaire improved.
Consequently, six basic skills were adopted, and the following training were proposed.
(1) Counselor must have an acceptant attitude, but excessive acceptance is redundant. (2) The solution behaviors of client have to be clarified to make him/her have a perspective and be confident. (3) The correction training of negative cognition. (4) Counselor has to make the goal realistic and concrete. (5) Counselor has to make the tasks realistic and concrete. (6) Counselor has to make the chance for client to rate the utility and hopefulness at each counseling session.
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