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Nucleosynthesis of Radioactive Nuclei in Explosive Stellar Objects and Cosmic and Galactic Ages

Research Project

Project/Area Number 13640313
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 素粒子・核・宇宙線
Research InstitutionNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Principal Investigator

KAJINO Toshitaka  National Astronomical Observatory, Division of Theoretical Astrophysics, Associate Professor, 理論天文学研究系, 助教授 (20169444)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) MOTOBAYASHI Tohru  The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Principal Researcher, 重イオン核物理研究室, 主任研究員 (20116114)
CHIBA Masashi  National Astronomical Observatory, Division of Astrometry and Celestial Mechanics, Associate Professor, 位置天文・天体力学研究系, 助教授 (50217246)
ANDO Hiroyasu  National Astronomical Observatory, Division of Optical and Infrared Astronomy, Professor, 光学赤外線天文学・観測システム研究系, 教授 (90111559)
SUMIYOSHI Kohsuke  Numazu College of Technology, Associate Professor, 教養科, 助教授 (30280720)
TANIHATA Isao  The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Principal Researcher, RIビーム科学研究室, 主任研究員 (10089873)
Project Period (FY) 2001 – 2003
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2003)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥1,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥1,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
KeywordsCosmic age / Supernova explosion / Neutrino / Metal deficient star / Radioactive nuclei / Galactic chemical evolution / R-process / S-process
Research Abstract

We tried model construction on of n tern with high precision, summing the progress in theoretical studies of explosive nucleosynthesis, observational anal astronomy, and nuclear experiment in this project Comparing our theoretical model calculations with observed elemental abundances of long-lived radioactive nuclei in metal-deficient halo stars, we found that the U-Th chronometer has better precision than the UT-Eu chronometer. Long-lived radioactive nuclei are produced d either in rapid-neutron capture process (r-process) in supernova explosion and in slow-neutron capture process (s-process) in War stage of small-to-intermediate mass AGB stars. Physical conditions of astrophysical nucleosynthesis environments were dared theoretically in numerical simulation of explosive nude synthesis It was found that neutron and alpha induced reactions on light mass neutron-rich unstable nuclei and neutron capture reactions on intermediate-to-heavy mass neutron-rich unstable nuckei play the importa … More nt roles in the r-process. These cross section data were taken from nuclear experiments which were carried outin experimental facilities of nuclear and particle physics in the world including RIKEN and CNS, University of Tokyo. Unmeasured nuclear data and cuss sections for neutrino-nucleus interactions, which are very important for gravitational collapse of supernovae, were theoretically calculated by the use of the quantum theory for particles and nuclei. Using these experimental and theoretical inputs hum particle and nuclear physics we can carry out nucleosynthesis calculations with better precision and provide reliable initial abundance distribution of the r-process elements. We then applied these products to Galactic chemical evolution in order to theoretically predict time variation of elemental abundances at long-lived radioactive heavy elements such as Th and U. Combining the theoretical prediction with observed data which were taken by using High Dispersion Spectrograph equipped with SUBARU Telescope, we tried to estimate the age of the early generation, metal-deficient halo stars in our constructed cosmochrometers of the r-process elements. We compared the results with the constraints on the cosmic age which was determined from observational cosmology which include several cosmological parameters, and dish consistency between both ages We also studied big-hang nucleosynthesis, cosmic microwave background anisotropy, and luminosity-redshift relation of type Ia supernovae in order to construct cosmological model that is consistent with the cosmic and Galacticages determined in our project Less

Report

(4 results)
  • 2003 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • 2001 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (38 results)

All Other

All Publications (38 results)

  • [Publications] K.Otsuki, G.J.Mathews, T.Kajino: "R-Process Abundance Universality and Actinide Cosmochronology."New Astronomy. 8. 767-776 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] W.Aoki, H.Ando, T.Kajino, et al.: "Europium Isotope Ratios in s-Process-Element-Enhanced Metal-Poor Stars : A New Probe of the ^<151>Sm Branching."Astrophysical Journal. 592. L67-L70 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Ichiki, T.Kajino, et al.: "Disappearing dark matter in brane world cosmology : New limits on noncompact extra dimensions."Physical Review. D68. 083518 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Ichiki, M.Orito, T.Kajino: "Primordial Black-Hole Formation and New Class of Cosmic Energy."Astroparticle Physics. 20. 499-505 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Yoshida, M.Terasawa, T.Kajino, K.Sumiyoshi: "Nucleosynthesis of Light Elements and Heavy r-Process Elements through the v-Process in Supernova Explosions."Astrophysical Journal. 600. 204-213 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] N.Iwamoto, T.Kajino, et al.: "Flash-Driven Convective Mixing in Low-Mass, Metal-deficient Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars : A New Paradigm for Lithium Enrichment and a Possible s-Process"Astrophysical Journal. 602. 377-387 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 梶野敏貴, ほか: "プラズマ・核融合学会誌、小特集「元素合成と宇宙年齢、宇宙核物理」"プラズマ・核融合学会. 47 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Otsuki, K., Mathews, G.J., Kajino, T.: "R-Process Abundance Universality and Actinide Cosmochronology."New Astronomy. 8. 767-776 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Aoki, W., Ando, H., Kajino, T., et al.: "Europium Isotope Ratios in S-Process-Element-Enhanced Matal-Poor Stars : A New Probe of the Sm151 Branching."Astrophysical Journal. 592. L67-L70 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ichiki, K., Kajino, T., et al.: "Disappearing dark matter in brane world cosmology : New limits on non-compact extra dimension."Physical Review. D68. 083518 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ichiki, K., Onto, M., Kajino, T.: "Primordial Black-Hole Formation and New Class of Cosmic Energy."Astroparticle Physics. 20. 499-505 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yoshida, T., Terasawa, M., Kajino, T., Sumiyoshi, K.: "Nucleosynthesis of Light Elements and Heavy R-Process Elements through the Neutrino-Process in Supernova Explosions."Astrophysical Journal. 600. 204-213 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Iwamoto, N., Kajino, T., et al.: "Flash-driven convective mixing in low-mass, metal-deficient asymptotic giant branch stars : A new paradigm for lithium enhancement and a possible s-process."Astrophysical Journal. 602. 377-387 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2003 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Otsuki, G.J.Mathews, T.Kajino: "R-Process Abundance Universality and Actinide Cosmochronology."New Astronomy. 8. 767-776 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] W.Aoki, H.Ando, T.Kajino, et al.: "Europium Isotope Ratios in s-Process-Element-Enhanced Metal-Poor Stars : A New Probe of the ^<151>Sm Branching."Astrophysical Journal. 592. L67-L70 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Ichiki, T.Kajino, et al.: "Disappearing dark matter in brane world cosmology : New limits on noncompact extra dimensions."Physical Review. D68. 083518 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Ichiki, M.Orito, T.Kajino: "Primordial Black-Hole Formation and New Class of Cosmic Energy."Astroparticle Physics. 20. 499-505 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Yoshida, M Terasawa, T.Kajino, K.Sumiyoshi: "Nucleosynthesis of Light Elements and Heavy r-Process elements through the v-Process in Supernova Explosions."Astrophysical Journal. 600. 204-213 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] N.Iwamoto, T.Kajino, et al.: "Flash-driven convective mixing in low-mass, metal-deficient asymptotic giant branch stars : A new paradigm for lithium and possible s-process."Astrophysical Journal. 602. 377-387 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 梶野敏貴, ほか: "プラズマ・核融合学会誌、小特集「元素合成と宇宙年齢、宇宙核物理」"プラズマ・核融合学会. 47 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Kajino, et al.: "Recent Progress in Cosmology and Nuclear Astrophysics"Prog.Theor.Phys.Suppl.. 146. 247-257 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.G.Ryan, et al.: "Rapid rotation of ultra-Li-depleted halo stars and their association with blue stragglers"Astrophys.J.. 571. 501-511 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.A.Famiano, et al.: "Light element nucleosynthesis from jet interactions in active galactic nuclei"Astrophys.J.. 576. 89-100 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Terasawa, et al.: "R-process nucleosynthesis in neutrino-driven winds from a typical neutron star with M=1.4Msolar"Astrophys.J.Lett.. 578. 137-140 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Orito, et al.: "Constraints on Neutrino Degeneracy from the Cosmic Microwave Background and Primordial Nucleosynthesis"Phys.Rev.. D65. 123504-1-123504-7 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Kajino: "Cosmological Nucleosynthesis in the Big-Bang and Supernovae"J.Nucl.Sci.&Tech.Suppl.. II. 530-535 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] N.Yahiro, et al.: "Constraints on Cosmic Quintessence and quintessential inflation"Phys.Rev.. D65. 063502-1-063502-9 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] W.Aoki, et al.: "Chemical composition of carbon-rich, very metal-poor subgiant LP625-44 observed with the Subaru/HDS"Pub.Astron.Soc.Japan. 54. 427-449 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Ichki, et al.: "Observational constraints on dark radiation in brane cosmology"Phys.Rev.. D66. 043521-1-043521-5 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Sumiyoshi, H.Utsunomiya, S.Goko, T.Kajino: "Astrophysical reaction rate for α (αn, γ) 9Be by photodisintegration"Nucl.Phys.. A709. 467-486 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Okamura, et al.: "Candidates for intracluster planetary nebulae on the Virgo Cluster based on the Suprime-Cam Narrow-Band Imaging in O[III] and Hα"Pub.Astron.Soc.Japan. 54. 883-889 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] N.Iwamoto, et al.: "Discovery of Early Generation S-Process Star and the Nucleosynthesis"J.Ncl.Sci.&Tech.Suppl.. II. 554-557 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.G.Ryan et al.: "Abundances and Evolution of Lithium in the Galactic Halo and Disk"Astrophys. J.. 549. 55-71 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Wanajo et al.: "The r-process in neutrino-driven winds from nascent compact neutron stars of core-collapse supernovae"Astrophys. J.. 554. 578-586 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] W.Aoki et al.: "Neutron capture elements in s-process-rich, very metal-poor stars"Astrophys. J.. 561. 346-363 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Sumiyoshi et al.: "R-process in prompt supernova explosions revisited"Astrophys. J.. 562. 880-886 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Terasawa et al.: "New nuclear reaction flow towards r-process nucleosynthesis in supernovae : A critical role of the light neutron-rich nuclei"Astrophys. J.. 562. 470-479 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H.Kawakita et al.: "The spin temperature of NH3 in Comet C/1999S4 (LINEAR)"Science. 294. 1089-1091 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2001-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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