| Project/Area Number |
13640444
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Meteorology/Physical oceanography/Hydrology
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| Research Institution | National Institute for Environmental Studies |
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Principal Investigator |
AKIYOSHI Hideharu National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ozone Layer Research Project, senior researcher, 成層圏オゾン層変動研究プロジェクト, 主任研究員 (10270589)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2001 – 2003
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2003)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000)
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| Keywords | ozone / stratosphere / heterogeneous reaction / water vapor / sulfuric aerosol / chemical transport model / polar stratospheric clouds / volcanic eruption / 亜熱帯西太平洋 / 極小 / 氷粒子 / NAT / QBO / GCM / OCS / SO2 / 粒径分布 / モデリング / ピナツボ火山爆発 / オゾン破壊 / 臭素物質 / 温室効果 / 気温変動 |
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| Research Abstract |
Calculations were performed by a 1-D chemistry-radiation coupled model in order to study the effects of sulfuric aerosols increased by a volcanic eruption on climate. The size distribution of the sulfuric aerosols was assumed in the calculation based on the lidar and balloon observations. The surface area was calculated from the size distribution. It is found that the ozone decrease due. to the heterogeneous reactions on the sulfuric aerosols accelerates the temperature recovery from the warming due to the absorption of the infrared radiation by the aerosols. We included the sulfate chemistry into the CCSR/NIES chemical climate model (CCM) and successfully simulated the 3-dimensional (3-D) distribution of sulfuric aerosols. A 3-D nudging chemical transport model (CTM) was also developed from the CCSR/NIES CCM and used to investigate the low total ozone values less than 220 DU in the subtropical Western Pacific in winter. The results show that the effect of heterogeneous reactions on ICE and NAT particles on the ozone amount is about 2-3 DU, which is smaller than the ozone variation due to QBO (around 5 DU), but not negligible. The low ozone amount in this region should be monitored carefully in the future.
A CTM calculation was performed with stratospheric water vapor amounts increased artificially by 1 ppmv to investigate the water vapor effect on Ozone Hole in the future atmosphere. We could not find any dramatic change in the ozone hole of the model. Although the size distribution and the refractive index of the aerosols were assumed based on observations for this calculation, it is not necessarily true that these parameters are also acceptable for the future atmosphere. A correct knowledge of the water vapor effect on ozone depletion in the future atmosphere will not be obtained until the mechanisms of water vapor transport are correctly understood.
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