| Project/Area Number |
13680112
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
家政学一般(含衣・住環境)
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| Research Institution | Ochanomizu University |
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Principal Investigator |
NAKANISHI Tadashi Ochanomizu University, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Associate Professor, 生活科学部, 助教授 (90198143)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2001 – 2003
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2003)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥2,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000)
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| Keywords | diaper / gel / absorbency of water / state of water / DSC / poly(vinyl alcohol) |
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| Research Abstract |
The object of this study is to develop the diaper of functional gel materials, especially suitable for advanced age. The hydrogel membranes were used as models for diaper. The gel membranes were prepared by insolubilizing poly(vinyl alcohol) with glutaraldehyde and some hydrophobic aldehydes. The amounts of salt sorbed and the salt permeabilites were measured for the gel membranes, and the state of water in the membranes was investigated by means of a differential scanning calorimeter. The gel membrane insolubilized with hydrophobic aldehydes has a freezing water about 2-4 times as much as the membrane crosslinked with glutaraldehyde, and the salt sorption behavior of the membranes was strongly affected by the aldehydes introduced in the membrane especially for the salt composed of strongly hydrated ions. The amounts of salt sorbed were quantitatively explained by the "two state model" proposed in the study. In the model, it is assumed that the freezing and the nonfreezing waters indicate the different solubilities for the salts. These results were interpreted in terms of the interactions between the polymer and the salts. These results were interpreted in terms of the interactions between the polymer and the ions through the hydration layers. The specific interactions as mentioned above is found to be important for designing of functional gel materials for diaper suited for advanced age.
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