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マラリア重症化因子に関する進化生物学的アプローチ

Research Project

Project/Area Number 13877040
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 寄生虫学(含医用動物学)
Research InstitutionTokyo Women's Medical University

Principal Investigator

塚原 高広  東京女子医科大学, 医学部, 助手 (90328378)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 美田 敏宏  東京女子医科大学, 医学部, 助手 (80318013)
金子 明  東京女子医科大学, 医学部, 助教授 (60169563)
Project Period (FY) 2001 – 2003
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2003)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 2001: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Keywordsマラリア / ovalocytosis / 疾患感受性遺伝子 / パプア・ニューギニア / Band 3遺伝子 / 進化 / 分子疫学 / 集団遺伝 / TNFα / ヴァヌアツ / パプアニューギニア
Research Abstract

1)マラリアに関する疫学データ解析の進行状況:昨年に引き続きパプア・ニューギニア国東セピック州ウェワクから50km以内に位置する異なる地理環境,文化環境を持つコミュニティでマラリア疫学調査を施行し,海岸部,丘陵部,平原部の疫学データおよび血液標本を収集した.全体で11,276枚のスライドを検査した結果,マラリア感染率は24%で勢帯熱が優勢で,三日熱,四日熱の順であった.顕微鏡的には卵型マラリアは見られなかったが,PCR診断では少数例で検出された.概して1-4歳で熱帯熱マラリア感染率が高く,島嶼部,沿岸部では感染率20%程度であったのに対し,平原部では40%を超え雨季,乾季の差は小さかった.山麓部では乾季では熱帯熱マラリアはほとんど見られなかったが,雨季には平原部に匹敵するほど高率であった.一方,三日熱マラリアは地域による差が小さく1-4歳児では10%程度の感染率であった.
2)遺伝子解析の進行状況:Ovalocytosis(卵形赤血球症)を起こす遺伝型を持つ患者はホモ接合では致死に至るが,ヘテロではマラリア抵抗性があることが知られている.パプア・ニューギニア国,東セピック州のコミュニティで収集した血液標本を用いてマラリア浸淫度とovalocytosisの関係を考察した.血液標本からDNAを抽出し,PCR法にて5-14歳の計758人についてovalocytosisに関与するBand 3遺伝子の27bp欠損の有無を判定した.その結果,島嶼部,沿岸部では4-13%に欠損が見られたのに対し,マラリア浸淫度がより高い山麓部,平原部では欠損は全く見られなかった.以上よりovalocytosisはパプア・ニューギニアで独立に進化したものではなく,パプア・ニューギニア島嶼部に移住してきた祖先集団中に存在していた形質であり,それがマラリアの存在下で保存されていることが示唆された.

Report

(3 results)
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • 2001 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (18 results)

All Other

All Publications (18 results)

  • [Publications] Masta A., et al.: "Analysis of Sepik populations of Papua New Guinea suggests an increase of CYP2C19 null allele frequencies during the colonization of Melanesia"Pharmacogenetics. Vol.13 No.11. 697-700 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hombhanje F.W., et al.: "CYP2C19 polymorphisms in antimalarial proguanil metabolism"Am J Trop Med & Hyg. Vol.69(Suppl.). 294 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tsukahara T., et al.: "Malaria epidemiology in different ecological zones in East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea"Am J Trop Med & Hyg. Vol.69(Suppl.). 314-315 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tsukahara T., et al.: "Malaria control strategy in Melanesian countries"Jpn J Trop Med & Hyg. vol.31. 116 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hwaihwanje I., et al.: "Integrated Cooperative Research for Malaria Control Project-Malaria epidemiology in East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea"Jpn J Trop Med & Hyg. vol.31. 215 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Masta A., et al.: "Pfcrt and Pfmdr1 mutations and chloroquine susceptibility of pretreatment Plasmodium falciparum isolates at Wewak in Papua New Guinea"Experimental Parasitology. vol.105. 57 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Bwijo B., et al.: "High prevalence of quintuple mutant dhps/dhfr genes in Plasmodium falciparum infections seven years after introduction of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine as first line treatment in Malawi"Acta Trop. vol.85. 363-373 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Bwijo B., et al.: "Antimalarial drug efficacy in Plasmodium falciparum infections in Malawi, seven years after switching from chloroquine to sulfadoxine/Pyrimethamine"J Tokyo Wom Med Univ. vol.73. 1-13 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mita T., et al.: "Recovery of chloroquine sensitivity and low prevalence of Pfcrt K76T in Plasmodium falciparum following withdrawal of chloroquine use in Malawi"Am J Trop Med Hyg. vol.68. 413-415 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mita T., et al.: "Expansion of wild type allele rather than back mutation in pfcrt explains the recent recovery of chloroquine sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in Malawi"Mol Biochem Parasitol. (In press). (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Bwijo B., et al.: "High prevalence of quintuple mutant dhps/dhfr genes in Plasmodium falciparum infections seven years after introduction of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine as first line treatment in Malawi"Acta Tropica. (in press).

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Putaporntip C., et al.: "Mosaic organization and heterogeneity in frequency of allelic recombination of the Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein-1 locus"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 99. 16348-16353 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mita T., et al.: "Recovery of chloroquine sensitivity and low prevalence of Pfcrt K76T in Plasmodium falciparum following withdrawal of chloroquine use in Malawi"Am J Trop Med Hyg. (in press).

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Naoko Sakihama., et al.: "Limited recombination events in merozoite surface protein-l alleles of Plasmodium falciparum on islands"Gene. 279. 41-48 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akira Kaneko: "Malaria dichotomy in the Pacific [Comment to Terrel et al. Foregone Conclusions? : In search of"Papuans"and"Austronesians".]"Current Anthropology. 42. 115 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Bwijo Bwijo., et al.: "Findings of decreased chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum isolates of Malawi"Clinical Parasitology. 12・1. 145-147 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 美田敏宏ら: "Malawiにおける熱帯熱マラリア原虫クロロキン耐性遺伝子PfcrtおよびPfmdr1多型の検討"Clinical Parasitology. 12・1. 148-150 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akira Kaneko., et al.: "Integrated Pharma cology 2nd ed."Mosby(in press). (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2001-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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