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脳における「匂い地図」と「嗅覚記憶」の解析

Research Project

Project/Area Number 13GS0007
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Creative Scientific Research

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

森 憲作  東京大学, 大学院医学系研究科, 教授 (60008563)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 山口 正洋  東京大学, 大学院医学系研究科, 講師 (60313102)
長尾 伯  東京大学, 大学院医学系研究科, 助手 (50281647)
柏谷 英樹  東京大学, 大学院医学系研究科, 助手 (70328376)
Project Period (FY) 2001 – 2005
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2005)
Budget Amount *help
¥347,750,000 (Direct Cost: ¥287,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥60,150,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥85,150,000 (Direct Cost: ¥65,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥19,650,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥85,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥66,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥19,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥89,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥69,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥20,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥87,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥87,100,000)
Keywords嗅球 / 嗅皮質 / におい地図 / 伝達 / 感覚ゲーティング / 腐敗臭 / 嗅覚 / 僧帽細胞 / 房飾細胞 / 匂い地図 / 受容サイト構造 / 匂い分子 / 糸球 / 外側半球 / 前梨状葉 / セマフォリン / ニューロピリン / 内側半球
Research Abstract

(1)嗅球「匂い地図」の知識の総まとめ
嗅球の「匂い地図」に関するこれまでの実験結果を整理し、嗅球の糸球層の「におい分子受容体地図」は、Molecular Feature Maps(におい分子の構造的特徴地図)であり、分子構造特異的クラスターが嗅球地図の空間配置の基本要素になっていることを示した(Mori, k, et al., Physiological Review,2006印刷中)。また、各クラスターを活性化する匂い分子の「においの質」の解析から、嗅球のにおい地図は、「においの質の基本成分」を一定の配列で特定の位置に表現した「においの質の基本成分の地図」でもあるとのモデルを提唱した。
(2)嗅球の樹状突起間シナプスにおけるシナプス伝達は、覚醒・睡眠状態に依存して大きく変動する
嗅球の僧帽細胞と顆粒細胞との樹状突起間相互シナプスは、嗅球における側方抑制や嗅覚記憶に関与しているが、このシナプス伝達の大きさが脳の内部状態によりどのように調節されているかはこれまで全く研究されていない。私達はラットを用いた電気生理学的研究により、顆粒細胞から僧帽細胞への樹状突起間抑制性シナプスの大きさや持続時間が、徐派睡眠時には覚醒時と比較して大きく増大することを発見した。この樹状突起間シナプス伝達の内部状態に依存した変動は、僧帽細胞の同期活動の周派数に反映し、徐派睡眠時には同期活動の周派数は大きく減少した。(論文準備中)
(3)嗅皮質ニューロンによるにおい情報の統合のメカニズムの電気生理学的解析
ラット嗅皮質のうち、前梨状葉の背側部から単1ニューロン記録をおこない、野菜やくだものに含まれるにおい分子を用いて嗅上皮を刺激し、個々のニューロンがどのようににおい情報を統合しているのかを調べた。この結果、個々の嗅皮質ニューロンは、特定のにおい分子群の組みあわせに選択的に応答し、この組みあわせ様式はニューロンごとに様々に異なっていることを見いだした。また、複数種のにおい分子の組みあわせによる嗅皮質ニューロンの活動の促通や抑制を詳細に解析した。(論文準備中)

Report

(5 results)
  • 2005 Annual Research Report
  • 2004 Annual Research Report
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • 2001 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (30 results)

All 2006 2005 2004 Other

All Journal Article (12 results) Publications (18 results)

  • [Journal Article] A leucine-rich repeat membrane protein 5T4 is expressed by a subtype of granule cells with dendritic in specific strata of the mouse olfactory bulb2006

    • Author(s)
      Imamura, F. et al.
    • Journal Title

      J.Comp.Neurol. 495

      Pages: 754-768

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Mapsif odorant molecular features in the mammalian olfactory bulb2006

    • Author(s)
      Mori, K. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Physiological Reviews 印刷中

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Telencephalin slows spine maturation2006

    • Author(s)
      Matsuno, H. et al.
    • Journal Title

      J.Neuroscience 26(6)

      Pages: 1776-1786

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] A transcription enhancer that directs telencephalon-specefic transgene expression in mouse brain2006

    • Author(s)
      Mutsui, S. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Cerebral Cortex 印刷中

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Critical period for sensory experience-dependent survival of newly-generated granule cells in the adult mouse olfactory bulb2005

    • Author(s)
      Yamaguchi, M., Mori, K.
    • Journal Title

      Proc.Nat1.Acad.Sci.USA 102

      Pages: 9697-9702

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] State-dependent sensory gating in olfactory cortex2005

    • Author(s)
      Murakami, M. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nueron 46

      Pages: 285-296

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Spatial representation of hydrocarbon odorants in the ventrolateral zones of the olfactory bulb2005

    • Author(s)
      Igarashi, K.M., Mori, K.
    • Journal Title

      J.Neurophysiology 93

      Pages: 1007-1019

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] A novel phenylalanine-based targeting signal directs telencephalin to neuronal dendrites.2005

    • Author(s)
      Mitsui, S. et al.
    • Journal Title

      J.Neuroscience 25

      Pages: 1122-1131

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] State-dependent sensory gating in olfactory cortex2005

    • Author(s)
      Murakami, M. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Neuron (印刷中)

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Mitral and tufted cells differ in the decoding manner of odor maps in the rat olfactory bulb2004

    • Author(s)
      Nagayama, S. et al.
    • Journal Title

      J.Neurophysiology 91

      Pages: 2532-2540

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Topographical representation of odorant-molecular features in the rat olfactory bulb2004

    • Author(s)
      Takahashi, Y.K. et al.
    • Journal Title

      J.Neurophysiology 92

      Pages: 2413-2427

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Detection and masking of spoiled food smells by odor maps in the olfactory bulb2004

    • Author(s)
      Takahashi, Y.K. et al.
    • Journal Title

      J.Neuroscience 24

      Pages: 8690-8694

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Taniguchi M., 他: "Distorted odor maps in the olfactory bulb of semaphorin 3A deficient mice"J.Neuroscience. 23. 1390-1397 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Treloar H.B., 他: "Inverse expression of OCAM in a subset of olfactory axons and a subset of mitral/tufted cells in the developing rat olfactory bulb"J.Comp.Neurology. 458. 389-403 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mori K.: "Grouping of odorant receptors : odour maps in the mammalian olfactory bulb"Biochem.Soc.Trans.. 31. 134-136 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fukuda S., 他: "Two distinct subpopulations of nestin-positive cells in adult mouse dentate gyrus"J.Neuroscience. 23. 9357-9366 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kempermann G., 他: "Early determination and long-term persistence of adult-generated new neurons in the hippocampus of mice"Development. 130. 391-399 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nagayama S., 他: "Mitral and tufted cells differ in the decoding manner of odor maps in the rat olfactory bulb"J.Neurophysiology. (印刷中).

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Inaki K., Takahashi Y., Nagayama S., Mori K.: "Molecular-feature domains with posterodorsal-anteroventral polarity in the symmetrical sensory maps of the mouse olfactory bulb : mapping of odourant-induced Zif268 expression"Eur. of Neurosci. 15. 1563-1574 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sugitani Y., Nakai S., Minowa O., Nishi M., et al.: "Brn-1 and Brn-2 share crucial roles in the production and positioning of mouse neocortical neurons"Genes and Development. 116. 1760-1765 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nagao H., Yamaguchi M., Takahashi Y., Mori K.: "Grouping and representation of odorant receptors in domains of the olfactory bulb sensory map"Microscopy Res. & Technique. 58. 168-175 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Taniguchi M., Nagao H., Takahashi Y., Yamaguchi M., et al.: "Distorted odor maps in the olfactory bulb of semaphorin 3A deficient mice"J.Neurosci. 23. 1390-1397 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mori K.: "Groupong of odourant receptors : odour maps in the mammalian olfactory bulb"Biochem.Soc.Trans.. 31. 134-136 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Treloar H.B., Gabeau D., Yoshihara Y., Mori K., Greer, CA.: "Inverse expression of OCAM in a subset of olfactory axons and a subset of mitral/tufted cells in the developing rat olfactory bulb"J.Comp.Neurol.. (In Press). (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yoshihara Y., Nagao H., Mori, K.: "Sniffing out odors with multiple dendrites"Science. 291巻. 835-837 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tatsura H., Nagao H., Tamada A., Sasaki S., Kohri K., Mori K.: "Developing germ cells in mouse testis express pheromone receptors"FEBS letters. 488巻. 139-144 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mizuno T., Kawasaki M.Nakahira M., Kagamiyama H., et al.: "Molecular diversity in zebrafish NCAM family : three members with distinct VASE usage and distinct localization"Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience. 18巻. 119-130 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sawamoto K., Yamamoto A., Kawaguchi A., Yamaguchi M., Mori K., et al.: "Direct isolation of committed neuronal progenitor cells from transgenic mice coexpressing spectrally distinct fluorescent proteins regulated by stage-specific neural promoters"J Neurosci Res.. 65巻. 220-227 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sawamoto k., Nakao N., Kakishita K., Ogawa Y., Toyama Y., et al.: "Generation of dopaminergic neurons in the adult brain from mesencephalic precursor cells labeled with a nestin-GFP transgene"J Neuosci. 21巻. 3895-3903 (2001)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Inaki K., Takahashi Y., Nagayama S., Mori K.: "Molecular feature domains with posterodorsal -anteroventral polarity in the symmetrical sensory maps of the mouse olfactory bulb :"(in prss). (2002)

    • Related Report
      2001 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2002-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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