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マグマ内揮発性物質による火道内部の増圧過程の解明

Research Project

Project/Area Number 14080202
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Science and Engineering
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

西村 太志  東北大学, 大学院理学研究科, 助教授 (40222187)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 吉田 武義  東北大学, 大学院理学研究科, 教授 (80004505)
中村 美千彦  東北大学, 大学院理学研究科, 助教授 (70260528)
伊藤 高敏  東北大学, 流体科学研究所, 助教授 (00184664)
中嶋 悟 (中嶋 聡)  大阪大学, 大学院理学研究科, 教授 (80237255)
寅丸 敦志  九州大学, 大学院理学研究院, 教授 (50202205)
Project Period (FY) 2002 – 2006
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2006)
Budget Amount *help
¥253,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥253,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2006: ¥28,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥28,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2005: ¥42,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥42,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥61,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥61,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥113,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥113,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥8,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,300,000)
Keywordsマグマ / 揮発性成分 / 発泡 / 脱ガス / 火道 / 爆発 / 非爆発 / 揮発性物質 / マグマ上昇 / 増圧 / 気泡 / その場観察 / ガラス
Research Abstract

本研究は,火山爆発の発生前のマグマの状態と爆発的噴火プロセスの関係を明らかにすることを目的とし,これら爆発的噴火の準備に関する一連のプロセスを,発泡過程,脱ガス過程,火道開口・閉塞過程などの素過程に分解し,主に,実験的,理論的な研究を進めた.また,これらの過程を統合したモデルの構築や,噴出物の複数解析や他現象との比較検討に基づき,火道内の増圧過程やマグマプロセスを調べた.脱ガス過程について,主に室内実験の結果から以下のことが明らかとなった.マグマ内に剪断破壊により生じた通路や気泡連結による通路が生じている場合,浸透脱ガス流とともに気泡吸収がマグマ内で生じ,マグマ内に気泡の無い層を形成する可能性がある.また,発泡が十分進んでいない深い領域でも,剪断応力が大きい火道壁近傍などでは気泡が十分連結するため,脱ガスが進行することがある.火道や亀裂の閉塞過程の実験によって,高温マグマの貫入時には熱により周辺岩体が大きく変形し通路を閉塞することがあること,火山下の熱水流動による火山ガラスの水和・変質・溶脱過程により火山体を構成する媒質の浸透率が3桁以上変化すること,が明らかとなった.また,カルデラ崩壊とプルトン貫入の関係をもとに,カルデラの火道形成過程を考察した.マグマ上昇モデルの数値計算から,爆発的噴火前には,マグマが浅部に近づくにつれ揮発性物質の発泡によるマグマの体積増のため地殻変動が急速に進行するのに対し,非爆発的噴火の前には,脱ガスによるマグマ体積の減少が起こるため,急速な地殻変動は観測されないことが明らかとなった.火山噴出物解析を行い,火山灰の火山ガラスの特徴と,地震観測等の力学的条件から区別される桜島の爆発的噴火様式の関係を調べた.また,火山噴出物の水の実効的な拡散係数,色変化特性,浸透率測定から,発泡のその場観測などからマグマ上昇過程に関連した時間スケールを議論した.

Report

(5 results)
  • 2006 Annual Research Report
  • 2005 Annual Research Report
  • 2004 Annual Research Report
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (31 results)

All 2006 2005 2004 Other

All Journal Article (18 results) Book (2 results) Publications (11 results)

  • [Journal Article] Ground deformation due to magma ascent with and without degassing2006

    • Author(s)
      Nishimura, T.
    • Journal Title

      Geophys. Res. Lett. 33

    • NAID

      120003694164

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Bubble growth processes in magma surrounded by an elastic medium2006

    • Author(s)
      Shimomura., Y., T.Nishimura, H.Sato
    • Journal Title

      J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res 155

      Pages: 307-322

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Shear-induced bubble coalescence in rhyolitic melts with low vesicularity2006

    • Author(s)
      Okumura, S., M.Nakamura, A.Tsuchiyama
    • Journal Title

      Geophys. Res. Lett. 33

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] BND (bubble number density) decompression rate meter for explosive volcanic eruptions.2006

    • Author(s)
      Toramaru, A.
    • Journal Title

      J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res 154

      Pages: 303-316

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Water diffusivities in basaltic to rhyolitic glasses.2006

    • Author(s)
      Okumura, S., Nakashima, S.
    • Journal Title

      Chemical Geology 227

      Pages: 70-82

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] How the development of magma chambers affects collapse calderas : insights from a review.2006

    • Author(s)
      Aizawa.K., V.Acocella, T.Yoshida
    • Journal Title

      Mechanisms of Activity and Unrest at Large Calderas. Geological Society (In Trolse, C., De Natale, G and Kilburn, C.R.J.(eds)) (London, Special Publications) 269

      Pages: 65-81

    • Related Report
      2006 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Microstructure evolution or aqueous fluid-bearing wehrlites : Implications for the fluid distribution in polymineralic rocks2006

    • Author(s)
      Ohuchi, T., Nakamura, M.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research 111

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Temporal changes in seismic velocity of the crust around 1wate volcano, Japan, as inferred from analyses of repeated active seismic experiment data from 1998 to 20032005

    • Author(s)
      Nishimura T.et al.
    • Journal Title

      Earth, Planets and Space 57

      Pages: 491-505

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Crystallization of microlites and degassing during magma ascent : Constraints on the fluid mechanical behavior of magma during the Tenjo Eruption on Kozu Island, Japan2005

    • Author(s)
      Noguchi, S., Toramaru, A., Shimano, T.
    • Journal Title

      Bulletin of Volcanology

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Molar absorptivities of OH and H2O in rhyolitic glass at room temperature and at 400-600 ℃.2005

    • Author(s)
      Okumura, S., Nakashima, S.
    • Journal Title

      American Mineralogist 90

      Pages: 441-447

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Grain growth control of isotope exchange between rocks and fluids2005

    • Author(s)
      Nakamura, M.Yurimoto, H., Watson, B
    • Journal Title

      Geology 33

      Pages: 829-832

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Experimental constraints on the low gas permeability of vesicular magma during decompression2005

    • Author(s)
      Tekeuchi, S., Nakashima, S., Tomiya, A., Shinohara, H.
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters 32

    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Molar absorptivities of OH and H_2O in rhyolitic glass at room temperature and at 400-600℃.2005

    • Author(s)
      Okumura, S., Nakashima, S.
    • Journal Title

      American Mineralogist 40

      Pages: 441-447

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Pressure recovery in magma due to bubble growth2004

    • Author(s)
      Nishimura, T.
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letter 31

    • NAID

      120003694181

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Study on fluid channel formation in magma chambers using X-ray Microtomography2004

    • Author(s)
      Nakamura et al.
    • Journal Title

      Spring-8 User Experimental Report 12

      Pages: 110-110

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Water diffusivity in rhyolitic glasses as determined by in-situ IR spectroscopy2004

    • Author(s)
      Okumura, S., Nakashima, S.
    • Journal Title

      Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31

      Pages: 183-189

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 斜長石累帯構造が示すマグマだまりの分化過程2004

    • Author(s)
      津根明, 寅丸敦志
    • Journal Title

      火山 49

      Pages: 249-266

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Volcanic sequences related to Kuroko mineralization in the Hokuroku District, Northeast Japan2004

    • Author(s)
      Yamada, R., Yoshida, T
    • Journal Title

      Research of Geology 54

      Pages: 399-412

    • NAID

      10014093832

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 日本の火山性地震と微動2006

    • Author(s)
      西村太志, 井口正人
    • Total Pages
      242
    • Publisher
      京都大学学術出版会
    • Related Report
      2005 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Physicochemistry of Water in Geological and Biological Systems. -Structures and Properties of Thin Aqueous Films2004

    • Author(s)
      Nakashima, S, et al.
    • Total Pages
      281
    • Publisher
      Universal Academy Press
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirono, T., Takahashi, M, Nakashima, S.: "In-situ visualization of fluid flow image within deformed rock by X-ray CT."Engineering Geology. 2162. 1-10 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Katayama, I., Hirose, K., Yurimoto, H., Nakashima, S.: "Water solubility in majoritic garnet in subducting oceanic crust."Geophysical Research Letters. 30(22). SDE5-1-5-4 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Namiki, A., T.Hatakeyama, A.Toramaru et al.: "Bubble size distributions in aconvecting layer"Geophys.Res.Lett.. 30. SDE2-1-4 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nishikawa, O., K.Saiki, H.Wenk: "Intra-granular strains and grain boundary morphologies of dynamically recrystallized quartz aggregates in a mylonite"J.Struct.Geol.. 26. 127-141 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Saiki, K. et al.: "Morphological analysis of olivine grains annealed in an iron-nickel matrix : Experimental constraints on the origin of pallasites and on the thermal history of their parent bodies"Meteoritics planet.Sci.. 38. 427-444 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Toramaru, A., T.Matsumoto: "Columnar joint morphology and cooling rate : a starch-water mixture experiment"J.Geophys.Res.. 109. 10.1029/2003J B002686 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 廣野哲朗, 横山 正, 高橋 学, 中嶋 悟, 山本由弦, 林 為人: "マイクロフォーカスX線CT装置を用いた堆積物・岩石の内部構造の非破壊観察"地質学雑誌. 108. 606-609 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sato, H., Imaizumi, T., Yoshida, T., Ito, H., Hasegawa: "Tectonic evolution and deep to shallow geometry of Nagamachi-Rifu Active Fault System, NE Janan"Earth Planets Space. 54. 1039-1043 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中嶋悟: "水の物性と地球ダイナミクス-地球内部のかたい水と地震の発生?-"日本物理学会誌. 57. 746-753 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Masuda, K.Haramaki, T., Nakashima, S., Habert, B.: "Structural change of water with solutes and temperature up to 100 C in aqueous solutions a as revealed by ATR-IR spectroscopy"Applied Spectroscopy. 57. 274-281 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nishimura, T., B.Chouet: "A numerical simulation of magma motion, crustal deformation and seismic radiation associated with volcanic eruptions"Geophys.J.Int.. (印刷中). (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2002-04-01   Modified: 2018-03-28  

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