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An experimental study on an instability of a baroclinic flow caused by a surface cooling in a rotating fluid

Research Project

Project/Area Number 14340138
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Meteorology/Physical oceanography/Hydrology
Research InstitutionIndependent Administrative Institution, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) (2004)
The University of Tokyo (2002-2003)

Principal Investigator

NAKAMURA Kozo (2003-2004)  JAMSTEC, FRCGC, Sub-leader, 地球環境フロンティア研究センター, サブリーダー(研究職) (20143547)

木村 龍治 (2002)  東京大学, 海洋研究所, 教授 (20013576)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) NIINO Hiroshi  Ocean Res.Inst, Dept.Phys.Oceanogr, Professor, 海洋研究所, 教授 (90272525)
MOURI Hideaki  Meteor.Res.Inst, Dept.Phys.Meteor, Senior Researcher, 物理気象研究部, 主任研究官 (10354490)
MORI Atsushi  Tokyo Gakugei Univ., Faculty of Education, Res.Assistant, 教育学部, 助手 (20272627)
栗原 和夫  気象研究所, 物理気象研究部, 室長(研究職) (70354488)
中村 晃三  東京大学, 海洋研究所, 助手 (20143547)
Project Period (FY) 2002 – 2004
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
Budget Amount *help
¥14,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥1,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥10,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,800,000)
KeywordsBaroclinic instability / Horizontal Convection / Rotating fluid experiment / Boundary layer / Cool island circulation / Turbulence / Heat island circulation / 回転流体
Research Abstract

An axisymmetric cool island circulation that is generated when a circular region of the bottom of a semi-infinite fluid is cooled in a rotating frame and associated baroclinic instability waves are studied by means of a laboratory experiment on the large turntable of the Meteorological Research Institute, a theoretical consideration and a numerical experiment.
In the laboratory experiment, a liquid crystal sheet at the bottom of the water tank is used to visualize the temperature distribution near the bottom and PIV(Particle Image Velocimeter) is used to measure the horizontal distributions of the horizontal velocity. The following results are found : When the basic rotation is either absent or small, the cool island circulation remains axisymmetric. When it becomes larger than a critical value, disturbances with circumferential wavenumber 2-3 appear. As the basic rotation is increased further, the wavenumber of the disturbances increase and the flow field becomes chaotic. It is also found that lycopodium is the most suitable tracer particle for PIV measurement.
Additional theoretical considerations reveal that the cool island circulation has three different regimes depending on the non-dimensional angular velocity and non-dimensional stratification : Diffusion, gravity current and gravity wave regimes. The only non-linear regime is the gravity current regime, and is always unstable for a slab-symmetric case. For an axisymmetric case, however, the flow is stable when the basic rotation is small and the radius of deformation is larger than the diameter of the cool island.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2004 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (24 results)

All 2005 2004 2003 Other

All Journal Article (16 results) Book (1 results) Publications (7 results)

  • [Journal Article] Effects of baroclinicity on the cloud pattern and structure of polar tows : A high-resolution numerical experiment2005

    • Author(s)
      Yanase, W., H.Niino
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters 32

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Turbulent diffusion from a patchy surface into the boundary layer2005

    • Author(s)
      Mouri, H., S.Haginoya, K.Kurihara, A.Hori, Y.Kawashima
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 83(in press)(June issue)

    • NAID

      110001817408

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Effects of baroclinicity on the cloud pattern and structure of polar lows : A high-resolution numerical experiment2005

    • Author(s)
      Yanase, W., H.Niino
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters 32

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report 2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Turbulent diffusion from a patchy surface into the boundary layer2005

    • Author(s)
      Mouri, H., S.Haginoya, K.Kurihara, A.Hori, Y.Kawashima
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 83(印刷中)

    • NAID

      110001817408

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Multiple polar mesocyclones over the Japan Sea on 11 February 19972004

    • Author(s)
      Fu, G., H.Niino, R.Kimura, T.Kato
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Weather Review 132

      Pages: 793-814

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] A polar low over the Japan Sea on 21 January 1997. Part I : Observational analysis2004

    • Author(s)
      Fu, G., H.Niino, R.Kimura, T.Kato
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Weather Review 132

      Pages: 1537-1551

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report 2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] A polar low over the Japan Sea on 21 January 1997. Part II : A numerical study2004

    • Author(s)
      Yanase, W., G.Fu, H.Niino, T.Kato
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Weather Review 132

      Pages: 1552-1574

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report 2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Structure and energetics of non-geostrophic non-hydrostatic baroclinic instability wave with and without convective heating2004

    • Author(s)
      Yanase.W., H.Niino
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 82

      Pages: 1261-1279

    • NAID

      110001817351

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report 2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Vortex tubes in turbulence velocity fields at Reynolds numbers Re-_similar or equal to 300-13002004

    • Author(s)
      Mouri, H., A.Hori, Y.Kawashima
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review E70

      Pages: 66305-66305

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Multiple polar mesocyclones over the Japan Sea on 11 February2004

    • Author(s)
      Fu, G., H.Niino, R.Kimura, T.Kato
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Weather Review 132

      Pages: 793-814

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Apolar low over the Japan Sea on 21 January 1997. Part I : Observational analysis2004

    • Author(s)
      Fu, G., H.Niino, R.Kimura, T.Kato
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Weather Review 132

      Pages: 1537-1551

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Structure and energetics of non-geostrophic non-hydrostatic baroclinic instability wave with and without connective heating2004

    • Author(s)
      Yanase, W., H.Niino
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 82

      Pages: 1261-1279

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Vortex tubes in turbulence velocity fields at Reynolds numbers Re_=300-13002004

    • Author(s)
      Mouri, H., A.Hori, Y.Kawashima
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review E70

      Pages: 66305-66305

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Multiple polar mesocyclones over the Japan Sea on 11 February 19972004

    • Author(s)
      Fu, G., H.Niino, H.Kimura, T.Kato
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Weather Review 132

      Pages: 793-814

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Vortex tubes in turbulence velocity fields at Reynolds numbers Re_λ〜300-13002004

    • Author(s)
      Mouri, H., A.Hori, Y.Kawashima
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review E70

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Probability density function of turbulent velocity fluctuations in a rough-wall boundary layer2003

    • Author(s)
      Mouri, H., M.Takaoka, A.Hori, Y.Kawashima
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review E68

    • NAID

      110003948323

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Book] 気象ハンドブック(第3版)第11章第1節 気象の流体実験2005

    • Author(s)
      新野 宏(分担執筆)
    • Publisher
      朝倉書店(印刷中)
    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hideaki Mouri, M.Takaoka, A.Hori, Y.Kawashima: "Probability density function of turbulent velocity fluctuations in a rough-wall boundary layer"Physical Review E. 68. article number:036311 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fu, G., H.Niino, R.Kimura, T.Kato: "Multiple polar mesocyclones over the Japan sea on 11 February 1997"Mon.Wea.Rev.. 132. 793-814 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fu, G., H.Niino, R.Kimura, T.Kato: "A remarkable isolated polar low over the Japan Sea on 21 January 1997 : Part I. Observational analysis"Mon.Wea.Rev.. (in press). (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yanase, W., Eu, G., H.Niino, T.Kato: "A remarkable isolated polar low over the Japan Sea on 21 January 1997 : Part II. Numerical simulation"Mon.Wea.Rev.. (in press). (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ryuji Kimura: "Numerical weather prediction"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics. 90. 1403-1414 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Atsushi Mori, Hiroshi Niino: "Time Evolution of Nonlinear Horizontal Convection : Its Flow Regimes and Self-Similar Solutions"Journal of the Atmospheric Science. 59. 1841-1856 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mouri, H., Hori, A., Kawashima, Y.: "Vortex tubes in velocity fields of laboratory isotropic turbulence : Dependence on the Reynolds number"Physical Review E. 67. 016305 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2002-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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