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Studies on the changes in Indian monsoon by drilling in the Paleo-Kathmandu Lake

Research Project

Project/Area Number 14340152
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Geology
Research InstitutionKYUSHU UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

SAKAI Harutaka  KYUSHU UNIVERSITY, Graduate School of Social and Cultural Studies, Professor, 大学院・比較社会文化研究院, 教授 (90183045)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) KUWAHARA Yoshthiro  KYUSHU UNIVERSITY, Graduate School of Social and Cultural Studies, Associate Professor, 大学院・比較社会文化研究院, 助教授 (90281196)
OHNO Masao  KYUSHU UNIVERSITY, Graduate School of Social and Cultural Studies, Associate Professor, 大学院・比較社会文化研究院, 助教授 (00251413)
YAMANAKA Toshiro  KYUSHU UNIVERSITY, Graduate School of Social and Cultural Studies, Research Associate, 大学院・比較社会文化研究院, 助手 (60343331)
SAKAI Hideo  Toyama University, Faculty of Science, Professor, 理学部, 教授 (30134993)
NISHI Hiroshi  Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Social, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教授 (20192685)
Project Period (FY) 2002 – 2004
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
Budget Amount *help
¥14,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥7,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,100,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥6,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,700,000)
KeywordsHimalayas / monsoon / Kathmandu / continental drilling / paleoclimate / paleoenvironment / lacustrine deposits / uplift / 14C年代測定 / 酸素同位体ステージ / 山脈 / 隆起上昇 / 環境変動
Research Abstract

We carried out core drilling of muddy lacustrine sediments at four sites in the southern part of the Kathmandu Valley. The total 800 m long cores were recovered and studied in order to reconstruct changes in paleoclimate and paleoenvironments in the valley during the last one million years. We reconstructed paleoclimatic curves of the last 700 kyr, on the bases of analyses of pollen, diatom, clay mineral, organic materiall and detrital grains, with 200 to 〜2000 years interval. Paleomagnetic and sedimentological studies on the drill cores and surface exposures revealed that le lake was born at about 1 Ma, caused by the uplift of the Mahabharat range to the south of Kathmandu. Surface geological survey in the southern part of the valley indicates that the lake-water drained two times at about 200 Ka and 12 Ka.
δ 13C value of organic lacustrine mud shows at least seven times fluctuation ranging from -30 to -19 ‰. A fluctuation diagram of pollen assemblage shows similar pattern to that of δ 13C value, and indicative pollens of cold and dry climate increase when d13C has high value. It suggests that grasses including C4 plants expanded their distribution during the glacial period. Total organic carbon(TOC) and carbon/ nitrogen ration (T/N) shows inversed correlation with d 13C, and pollen concentration has good correlation with TOC and C/N. It implies that TOC and pollen concentration were controlled by land plants vegetated in the valley slope. When it was warm and wet climate, C3 land plants seem to have expanded their distribution. Pollen concentration, total valves of diatom and C/N ratio before ca. 350 ka show larger amplitude and larger value than those after 300 ka. During the middle Pleitocene from ca. 650 to 350 ka, frequency of diatom valves is characterized by monodominance of Cyclotella sp 1 and sp 2. These curious incidents are likely to be related to MIS stage 11 problem.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2004 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (45 results)

All 2005 2004 2003 Other

All Journal Article (33 results) Book (1 results) Publications (11 results)

  • [Journal Article] Pleistocene rapid uplift of the Himalayan frontal ranges recorded in the Kathmandu and the Siwalik basins2005

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai et al.
    • Journal Title

      Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 226(In press)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Geology on the summit of Mt.Qomolangma (Mt.Everest) and metamorphic and cooling ages of the Yellow Band.2005

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai et al.
    • Journal Title

      Island Arc 14(In press)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Problematic Late Pliocene age of plant fossil-bearing beds on the northern slope of Mt.Shisha Pangma, central Himalaya.2005

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai et al.
    • Journal Title

      Island Arc 14(In press)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] ヒマラヤ山脈とチベット高原の上昇プロセス-モンスーンシステムの誕生と変動という視点から-2005

    • Author(s)
      酒井治孝
    • Journal Title

      地質学雑誌 111(In press)

    • NAID

      110004018579

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Paleo-Kathmandu Lake Drilling Project2005

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai, Rie Fujii, Yoshihiro Kuwahara
    • Journal Title

      Geol.Soc.Japan (colour pictorial) 111

    • NAID

      110004018569

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Uplift process of the Himalayan range and Tibetan plateau : with special references to the birth and change of monsoonal climatic system2005

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai
    • Journal Title

      Jour Geol.Soc.Japan 111

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Tectonics on the uplift of the Himalayan range2005

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai
    • Journal Title

      Jour.Geography 114

      Pages: 113-117

    • NAID

      10017473816

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Pleistocene rapid uplift of the Himalayan frontal ranges recorded in the Kathmandu and the Siwalik basin2005

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai, Hideo Sakai, Wataru Yahagi, Rie Fujii, Tatsuya Hayashi, Bishal Nath Upreti
    • Journal Title

      Palaeogeogr.Palaeoclimatol.Palaeoecol. 226

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Geology on the summit of Mt.Qomolangma (Mt.Everest) and metamorphic and cooling ages of the Yellow Band2005

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai, Minoru Sawada, Yutaka Takigami, Yuji Orihashi, Tohru Danhara, Hideki Iwano, Qi Dong, Huawei Cai, Jianguo Li
    • Journal Title

      Island Arc 14(Special Issue of 19^<th> HKT)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Problematic Late Pliocene age of plant fossil - bearing beds on the northern slope of Mt.Shisha Pangma, central Himalaya2005

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai, Yutaka Takigami
    • Journal Title

      Island Arc 14(Special Issue of 19^<th> HKT)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] 1.68 Ga Indian shield rocks accreted in the Miocene Siwalik Belt, Central Himalaya2005

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai, Yutaka Takigami, Bishal N.Upreti, Danda P.Adhikary
    • Journal Title

      Tectonophysics

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Paleo-Kathmandu Lake Drilling Project2005

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai, Rie Fujii, Yoshihiro Kuwahara
    • Journal Title

      Jour.Geol.Soc.Japan (colour pictorial) 111

    • NAID

      110004018569

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Floral history in the Kathmandu Basin reconstructed from Plio-Pleistocene plant macrofossil assemblage2004

    • Author(s)
      Arata Momohara
    • Journal Title

      Newsletter of Himalayan Botany 33

      Pages: 16-18

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Floral history in the Kathmandu Basin reconstructed from Plio-Pleistocene plant macrofossil assemblages2004

    • Author(s)
      Arata Momohara
    • Journal Title

      Newsletter of Himalayan Botany 33

      Pages: 16-18

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Fluctuation of Indian monsoon during the last glacial period revealed by pollen analysis of Kathmandu Basin sediments, Nepal Himalaya2004

    • Author(s)
      Rie Fujii, Harutaka Sakai, Norio Miyoshi
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2,4 (special issue)

      Pages: 133-134

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Reconstruction of environmental and climatic changes in the Paleo-Kathmandu Lake during the last 700 ka : An approach from fossil-diatom study2004

    • Author(s)
      Tatsuya Hayashi, Harutaka Sakai, Yoshihiro Kuwahara, Hideo Sakai, Wataru Yahagi, Masao Uchida
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2,4 (special issue)

      Pages: 154-155

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] When did the metamorphic nappe cover the Lesser Himalayan authochton? An approach from study on thermal history of Proterozoic granitic rocks and Miocene fluvial sediments2004

    • Author(s)
      Hideaki Iwano, Harutaka Sakai, Tohru Danhara, Yutaka Takigami, Santa Man Rai
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2,4 (special issue)

      Pages: 162-163

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Variations of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment during the last 40 kyr recorded in clay minerals in the Kathmandu Basin sediments2004

    • Author(s)
      Yoshihiro Kuwahara, Mukunda Raj Paudel, Takeshi Maki, Rie Fujii, Harutaka Sakai
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2,4 (special issue)

      Pages: 190-191

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Paleovegetation and paleoclimate in the Kathmandu Valley and Lake Baikal during the Late Quaternary2004

    • Author(s)
      Takeshi Maki, Rie Fujii, Hajime Umeda, Harutaka Sakai, Yoshitaka Hase, Koji Shichi
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2,4 (special issue)

      Pages: 202-202

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Organic geochemical study of continuous lacustrine sediments obtained from Kathmandu Valley, central Himalaya : interpretation of paleoenvironmental changesin the late Quaternary using bulk organic matter analyses2004

    • Author(s)
      Mami Mampuku, Toshiro Yamanaka, Harutaka Sakai, Rie Fujii, Takeshi Maki, Masao Uchida, Hideo Sakai, Wataru Yahagi, Hiroaki Tsutumi
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2,4 (special issue)

      Pages: 203-204

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Geochemical study of the Dwar Khola dolerite (1.7 Ga) in the Siwalik belt, central Nepal2004

    • Author(s)
      Yuji Orihashi, Harutaka Sakai, Yutaka Takigami
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2,4 (special issue)

      Pages: 214-215

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Changes in mineral composition and depositional environments recorded in the present and past basin-fill sediments of the Kathmandu Valley, central Nepal2004

    • Author(s)
      Mukunda Raj Paudel, Yoshihiro Kuwahara, Harutaka Sakai
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2,4 (special issue)

      Pages: 222-223

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Tectono-metamorphic evolution of the far-Eastern Nepal Himalaya2004

    • Author(s)
      Santa Man Rai, Harutaka Sakai, Bishal N.Upreti, Yutaka Takigami, Subesh Ghimire, Dibya R.Koirala, Tej P.Gautam, Desh R.Sonyak, Chandra P.Poudel
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2,4 (special issue)

      Pages: 225-225

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Middle to late Pleistocene climatic and depositional environmental changes recorded in the drilled core of lacustrine sediments in the Kathmandu Valley, central Nepal2004

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai, Members of Paleo-Kathmandu Lake Drilling Project
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2,4 (special issue)

      Pages: 240-241

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] ^<40>Ar-^<39>Ar dating of Proterozoic basaltic and granitic rocks in the Nepal Himalaya and their comparison with those in Singbhum area, peninsular India2004

    • Author(s)
      Yutaka Takigami, Harutaka Sakai, Yuji Orihashi, Kazumi Yokoyama
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2,4 (special issue)

      Pages: 260-261

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Middle to late Pleistocene climatic and depositional environmental changes recorded in the drilled core of lacustrine sediments in the Kathmandu Valley, central Nepal2004

    • Author(s)
      Haurtaka Sakai et al.
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 21・4

      Pages: 240-241

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] When did the metamorphic nappe cover the Lesser Himalayan authochton? An approach from study on thermal history of Proterozoic granitic rocks and Miocene fluvial sediments2004

    • Author(s)
      Hideki Iwano et al.
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 21・4

      Pages: 162-163

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Variations of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment during the last 40 kyr recorded in clay minerals in the Kathmandu Basin sediments2004

    • Author(s)
      Yoshihiro Kuwahara et al.
    • Journal Title

      Himalayan Journal of Sciences 21・4

      Pages: 190-191

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Major tectonic events recorded in the sedimentary sequence of the Himalayas, and paleoclimatic changes recorded in the Paleo-Kathmandu Lake2004

    • Author(s)
      Harutaka Sakai
    • Journal Title

      Second Annual Symposium "Tectonics, Landform Evolution and Climate Change in East Asia" June 25-July 1,2004,Shanghai

      Pages: 34-36

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 堆積物に記録されたヒマラヤ山脈の3段階上昇のテクトニクス2004

    • Author(s)
      酒井治孝
    • Journal Title

      日本地質学会第111年学術大会講演要旨

      Pages: 18-18

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] ヒマラヤ山脈とチベット高原の上昇プロセス-モンスーンシステムの誕生と変動という視点から-2004

    • Author(s)
      酒井治孝
    • Journal Title

      "Monsoon Evolution and Tectonics-Climate Linkage in Asia"アジア・モンスーンの進化、変動理解のための統合的研究戦略

      Pages: 31-35

    • NAID

      110004018579

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Early Proterozoic granite of the Taprejung Window, far eastern Nepal Himalaya.2003

    • Author(s)
      Upreti, B.N., Sakai, H., et al.
    • Journal Title

      Jour.Nepal Geological Society 28

      Pages: 9-18

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Early Proterozoic granite of the Taprejung Window, far eastern Nepal Himalaya2003

    • Author(s)
      Upreti, B.N., Rai, S.M., Sakai, H., Koirala, D.R., Takigami, Y.
    • Journal Title

      Jour.Nepal Geol.Soc. 28

      Pages: 9-18

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Book] 地球学入門2003

    • Author(s)
      酒井治孝
    • Total Pages
      284
    • Publisher
      東海大学出版会
    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Harutaka Sakai: "Uplifting of the mountain ranges simultaneously started in the Himalayan arc and Rykyu-Southwest Japan arc at about 1 Ma"Proceeding of International Workshop on Terrestrial Sediment Information and long-term Environmental Changes. 29-30 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hideo Sakai et al.: "Paleomagnetism and paleoenvironmental magnetism studied on BDP-98 sedimentary cores from Lake Baikal"Long Continentak Records from Lake Baikal edited by Kashiwaya. 233-243 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Rei et al.: "Middle Proterozoic granite of Taplejung Window, far eastern Nepal Himalaya"Journal of Nepal Geological Society. 27巻(in press). (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Harutaka Sakai: "Pleistocene rapid uplift of the Himalaya and the Southwest Japan Arc"Proceeding on IGCP-476 Tokyo Symposium on Monsoon Evolution and Tectonics-Climate Linkage in Asia. 9 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sakai et al.: "Changes in the depositional system of the Paleo-Kathmandu Lake casued by uplift of the Nepal Lesser Himalayas"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 20. 267-276 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 酒井治孝, 瀧上豊: "ヒマラヤ山脈前縁のシワリーク丘陵から発見された17億年岩石からなる付加体"月刊地球. 24巻・4号. 266-271 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 酒井治孝: "100万年前のヒマラヤ前縁山地の急激な上昇"月刊地球. 24巻・4号. 279-284 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 酒井治孝: "古カトマンズ湖とモンスーン変動"月刊地球. 24巻・5号. 305-309 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 酒井治孝 他: "古カトマンズ湖学術ボーリングとこれまでの成果"月刊地球. 24巻・5号. 316-321 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 酒井治孝: "約100万年前に始まった琉球弧と西南日本弧の地殻変動"月刊地球. 24巻・11号. 813-819 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 酒井治孝: "地球学入門"東海大学出版会. 296 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2002-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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