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An experimental study on magmatic hydrothermal supply of organic materials to the biosphere

Research Project

Project/Area Number 14340160
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Petrology/Mineralogy/Science of ore deposit
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

SUNAMURA Michinari (2003-2004)  The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Researcher, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助手 (90360867)

今井 亮 (2002)  東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助手 (90223304)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) URABE Tetsuro  The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Professor, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (50107687)
MATSUMOTO Ryo  The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Professor, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (40011762)
OHIHARA Shigenori  The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Researcher, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助手 (50214044)
NANBA Kenji  The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Researcher, 大学院・農学生命科学研究科, 助手 (70242162)
砂村 倫成  産業技術総合研究所, 生物機能工学研究部門, 研究員
Project Period (FY) 2002 – 2004
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
Budget Amount *help
¥14,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,700,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥2,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥4,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥7,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,300,000)
KeywordsDeep sea hydrothermal system / Deep biosphere / Microbes / Low molecular weight organic materials / Reactions under high pressure and temperature / Seifreid type hydrothermal reactor / variation of the reaction per hour / Nucleic acids / Seifreid型熱水反応装置 / 熱水反応 / 高温高圧 / 岩石・水反応 / 高温・高圧 / 合成 / 熱水
Research Abstract

Production processes of organic materials (OM) were investigated under experimental hydrothermal conditions. The OM in hydrothermal fluids were presumed to originate from rock-water reaction and/or thermal decomposition of organisms. Especially, the thermal decomposition of microorganisms, which were the majority of a deep-biosphere, is expected to be one of the most important sources for the origin of the OM. We constructed an equipment based on a Seifreid type hydrothermal reaction equipment, which is able to control temperature and pressure up to 400℃ and 50 MPa independently. In addition, we developed an accumulator sampling devise to inject microbial cells into and to recover than from the reaction vessel under high pressure and temperature without significant losses of microbial cells. Microbial-sized particles were successfully recovered from the reaction vessel quantitatively by a recovery experiment of microbial-sized fluorescent beads with the devise. Using our equipment, dec … More omposition experiment of mesophilic bacteria (Escherichia coli) and hyperthermophilic archaea (Methanocaldococcus janaschii) was conducted under deep-sea hydrothermal condition (350℃, 50 MPa). The decomposition of these cells were processed as soon as the start of the reaction and the proportion of resisting cells decreased to 10% at 15 min., 0.1% at 1 hour, and <0.01% after 2 hours. There found to be no difference in the cell decomposition process between the two species of microorganisms with different optimal growth temperatures. Decomposition of cellular organic compounds was observed bi-layer phospholipids, ribosome, and genomic DNA in this order. It was reported that pure high molecular organic materials (HMWOM) of organisms, e.g. nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, were easily decomposed within 15 min. under such conditions. The stability of these HMWOM was known to increase by addition of rock-and clay-minerals. Our results showed that stability of the HMWOM in cells also increased compared to free HMWOM. This suggests that the HMWOM in cells is much more stable in the magmatic hydrothermal systems than conventional idea. Less

Report

(4 results)
  • 2004 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (19 results)

All 2005 2004 2003 Other

All Journal Article (14 results) Book (2 results) Publications (3 results)

  • [Journal Article] 水曜海山における特異な微生物現象2005

    • Author(s)
      丸山明彦, 砂村倫成, 福井学, 久留須泰朗
    • Journal Title

      海の研究 14

      Pages: 309-318

    • NAID

      130004387698

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report 2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] New findings on microbial diversity and function at Suiyo Seamount2005

    • Author(s)
      Maruyama, A.M.Sunamura, et al.
    • Journal Title

      Umi no Kenkyu 14

      Pages: 309-318

    • NAID

      130004387698

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Two Bacteria phylotypes predominant the Suiyo Seamount hydrothermal plume2004

    • Author(s)
      M.Sunamura, et al.
    • Journal Title

      Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70

      Pages: 1190-1198

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Microbial diversity in hydrothermal surface to sub-surface environments of Suiyo Seamount, Izu-Bonin Arc, using a catheter-type in situ growth chamber2004

    • Author(s)
      Y.Higashi, M.Sunamura, T.Urabe et al.
    • Journal Title

      EMS Microbiology Ecology 47

      Pages: 327-336

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Amino acids in the 308 degrees C deep-sea hydrothermal system of the Suiyo Seamount, Izu-Bonin Arc, Pacific Ocean2004

    • Author(s)
      Takano Y, Kobayashi K, Yamanaka T, Marumo K, Urabe T
    • Journal Title

      Earth Planet.Sci.Lett. 219

      Pages: 147-153

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Analysis od dissimilatory sulfite reductase and 16S rRNA gene fragments from deep-sea hydrothermal sites of the Suiyo Seamount, Izu-Bonin Arc, Western Pacific.2004

    • Author(s)
      Nakagawa, T., T.Urabe et al.
    • Journal Title

      Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70

      Pages: 393-403

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report 2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Microbial diversity in hydrothermal surface to sub-surface environments of Suiyo Seamount, Izu-Bon in Arc, using a catheter-type in situ growth chamber2004

    • Author(s)
      Y.Higashi, M.Sunamura, T.Urabe et al.
    • Journal Title

      FEMS Microbiology Ecology 47

      Pages: 327-336

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Amino acids in the 308 degrees C deep-sea hydrothermal system of the Suiyo Seamount, Izu-Bonin Arc, Pacific Ocean2004

    • Author(s)
      Takano Y, Kobayashi K, Yamanaka T, Marumo K, Urabe T
    • Journal Title

      Earth.Planet.Sci.Lett. 219

      Pages: 147-153

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Analysis ed dissimilatory sulfite reductase and 16S rRNA gene fragments from deep-sea hydrothermal sites of the Suiyo Seamount, Izu-Bonin Arc, Western Pacific.2004

    • Author(s)
      Nakagawa, T., T.Urabe et al.
    • Journal Title

      Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70

      Pages: 393-403

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Two Bacteria phylotypes predominant the Suiyo Seamount hydrothermal plume2004

    • Author(s)
      M.Sunamura, Y.Higashi, C.Miyako, J.Ishibashi, A.Maruyama
    • Journal Title

      Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70

      Pages: 1190-1198

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Microbial diversity in hydrothermal surface to sub-surface environments of Suiyo Seamount, Izu-Bonin Arc, using a catheter-type in situ growth chamber2004

    • Author(s)
      Y.Higashi, M.Sunamura, T.Urabe et al.
    • Journal Title

      FEMS Microbiology Ecology 47

      Pages: 327-336

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] The hydrogeologic architecture of basaltic oceanic crust : compartmentalization, anisotropy, microbiology, and crustalscale properties on the eastern flank of Juan de Fuca Ridge, eastern Pacific Ocean2004

    • Author(s)
      Fisher, A.T., Urabe, T.(co-chief scientist), shipboard scientific party
    • Journal Title

      Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 301 Preliminary Report

      Pages: 121-121

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Amino acids in the 308 degrees C deep-sea hydrothermal system of the Suiyo Seamount, Izu-Bonin Arc, Pacific Ocean2004

    • Author(s)
      Takano Y, Kobayashi K, Yamanaka T, Marumo K, Urabe T
    • Journal Title

      Earth.Planet.Sci.Lett 219

      Pages: 147-153

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Detection of marine bacteria using DNA oligonucleotide probes.(in Japanese)2003

    • Author(s)
      Sunamura, M, Maruyama, A.
    • Journal Title

      Encyclopedia of measurement and analysis on global environment, vol.3 Marine coastal environment (ed.H.Takeuchi) (Fuji Technosystems, Tokyo)

      Pages: 1297-1297

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Book] 地球環境調査辞典 第3巻沿岸域編 第3編沿岸域の微生物調査(竹内均監修)2003

    • Author(s)
      砂村倫成, 丸山明彦
    • Total Pages
      1297
    • Publisher
      フジ・テクノシステム
    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Book] 地球環境調査計測事典 第3巻沿岸域の微生物調査(竹内均監修)2003

    • Author(s)
      砂村倫成, 丸山明彦
    • Total Pages
      1297
    • Publisher
      フジ・テクノシステム
    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Michinari Sunamura, Takashi Tsuji, Ryuichiro Kurane., Akihiko Maruyama: "Spectral imaging detection and counting of microbial cells in marine sediment"Journal of Microbiological Methods. 53. 57-65 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Michinari Sunamura, Yosuke Higashi, Chiwaka Miyako, Junichiro Ishibashi, Akihiko Maruyama: "Two Bacteria phylotypes predominant the Suiyo Seamount hydrothermal plume"Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 70. 1190-1198 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 砂村 倫成, 丸山 明彦: "顕微鏡による海洋微生物群集解析"月刊海洋 海洋微生物-I. 35. 40-45 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2002-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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