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Effect of bolide impacts on Earth's surface environment Analysis of chemical reactions within a giant vapor plume

Research Project

Project/Area Number 14340167
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 地球化学
Research InstitutionTohoku University (2004)
The University of Tokyo (2002-2003)

Principal Investigator

IGARASHI George  Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (00202854)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) SUGITA Seiji  University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Associate Professor, 大学院・新領域創成科学研究科, 助教授 (80313203)
MORI Toshiya  University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Associate Professor, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助教授 (40272463)
Project Period (FY) 2002 – 2004
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
Budget Amount *help
¥15,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥3,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥10,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,200,000)
KeywordsHypervelocity Impacts / Impact vapor plume / K / T event / Mass extinction / Sulfur oxides / Chemical reaction kinetics / Environmental perturbation / Earth History
Research Abstract

In this research project we conducted a series of laser ablation experiments simulating the thermodynamic state in the vapor loud induced by K/T impact event in order to understand the basic chemical processes involved in SO_x reactions. We constructed a new laser irradiation system with a X-Y stage to ensure that each laser pulse can ablate fresh target (CaSO4) surface. Also we incorporated a new high-performance quadruple mass spectrometer to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of our mass measurements. Furthermore, we used a high power Nd:YAG Laser (15J/pulse) to generate a large high-temperature plumes. Combining this laser facility with the existing small Nd:YAG laser, we could cover more than 10^3 of dynamic range of laser energy. This allows us to obtain a very reliable data on SO_x reactions. Finally, we conducted high-speed spectroscopic measurements of laser-induced vapor plumes. The results of experiments show that the terminal SO_3/SO_2 ratio in vapor clouds increases sharply as size of laser plume increases. This increase is caused by lowering the quenching temperature of SO_x redox reactions in the laser vapor clouds.
Kinetic analysis of the above experimental results indicate that SO_3 formation rate found in our laser experiments is 100 to 3000 times the rate estimated based on extrapolation from literature data measured at much lower and higher temperatures than the temperature range in this study. This result suggests that there is a new reaction pathway to form SO_3 in a high-temperature vapor cloud, such as catalytic reaction on the surface of CaO. If such catalytic reaction exists, the conversion of SO2 to SO3 in the K/T impact is also much faster than previously thought. This will decrease the duration of sulfuric acid aerosol winter following the K/T impact and may enhance greatly the intensity of acid rain fall after the K/T impact.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2004 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 2003 Annual Research Report
  • 2002 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (29 results)

All 2004 2003 Other

All Journal Article (18 results) Publications (11 results)

  • [Journal Article] Sulfur chemistry in laser-simulated impact vapor clouds : implications for the K/T impact event2004

    • Author(s)
      Ohno, S., S.Sugita, S.Hasegawa, T.Kadono, G.Igarashi
    • Journal Title

      Earth Planetary Science Letters 218・3-4

      Pages: 347-361

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Sulfur chemistry in the K/T impact vapor cloud2004

    • Author(s)
      Ohno, S., S.Sugita, S.Hasegawa, T.Kadono, G.Igarashi
    • Journal Title

      Earth Planet.Sci.Lett 218

      Pages: 347-361

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Laboratory experiments of Titan tholin formed in cold plasma at various pressures : Implications for nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds in2004

    • Author(s)
      Imanaka, H.
    • Journal Title

      Icarus 168

      Pages: 344-366

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Evaluation of mineralogical alteration of micrometeoroid analog materials captured in aerogel2004

    • Author(s)
      Okudaira, K.
    • Journal Title

      Advances in Space Research 34

      Pages: 2299-2304

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Real-time detector for hypervelocity microparticles using piezoelectric material2004

    • Author(s)
      Miyachi, T.
    • Journal Title

      Advances in Space Research 34

      Pages: 935-938

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Laboratory experiments on the kinetics of sulfur oxides in vapor clouds and its implication for K/T impact event2004

    • Author(s)
      Ohno S.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of 37th ISAS Lunar Planetary Symposium 37(印刷中)

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] The Effect of thermally decomposed SiO2 on carbon chemistry within impact-induced vapor clouds2004

    • Author(s)
      Ishibashi, K.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of 37th ISAS Lunar Planetary Symposium 37(印刷中)

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Cratering experiments under micro gravity conditions2004

    • Author(s)
      Takagi, Y.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of 37th ISAS Lunar Planetary Symposium 37(印刷中)

    • Related Report
      2004 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Intensities of atomic lines and molecular bands observed in impact-induced luminescence2003

    • Author(s)
      Sugita, S., P.H.Schultz, S.Hasegawa
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research 108・E12

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Interaction between Impact-Induced Vapor Clouds and the Ambient Atmosphere 1 : Spectroscopic Observation2003

    • Author(s)
      S.Sugita, P.H.Schultz
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research 108・E6

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Interaction between Impact-Induced Vapor Clouds and the Ambient Atmosphere 2 : Theoretical modeling2003

    • Author(s)
      S.Sugita, P.H.Schultz
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research 108・E6

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Methane production by large iron meteoritic impacts2003

    • Author(s)
      Sekine.Y., S.Suigta, T.Kadono, T.Matsui
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research 108・E7

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] On observation of compositional variation in Venus crust using nigh-side near-infrared thermall radiation2003

    • Author(s)
      Hashimoto, G.L., S.Sugita
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research 108・E9

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Interaction between Impact-Induced Vapor Clouds and the Ambient Atmosphere 1 : Spectroscopic Observation2003

    • Author(s)
      Sugita, S., P.H.Schultz
    • Journal Title

      J.Geophys.Res. 108(E6),5151

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Interaction between Impact-Induced Vapor Clouds and the Ambient Atmosphere 2 : Theoretical modeling2003

    • Author(s)
      Sugita, S., P.H.Schultz
    • Journal Title

      J.Geophys.Res. 108(E6),5152

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Methane production by large iron meteoritic impacts2003

    • Author(s)
      Sekine.Y., S.Suigta, T.Kadono, T.Matsui
    • Journal Title

      J.Geophys.Res. 108(E7),5070

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] On observation of compositional variation in Venus crust using nigh-side near-infrared thermal radiation2003

    • Author(s)
      Hashimoto, G.L., S.Sugita
    • Journal Title

      J.Geophys.Res. 108(E9),5109

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Journal Article] Intensities of atomic lines and molecular bands observed in impact-induced luminescence

    • Author(s)
      Sugita, S., P.H.Schultz, S.Hasegawa
    • Journal Title

      J.Geophys.Res. 108(E12)5140

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      2004 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ohno, S., S.Sugita, S.Hasegawa, T.Kadono, G.Igarashi: "Sulfur chemistry in laser-simulated impact vapor clouds : implications for the K/T impact event"Earth Planetary Science Letters. 218・3-4. 347-361 (2004)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sugita, S., P.H.Schultz, S.Hasegawa: "Intensities of atomic lines and molecular bands observed in impact-induced luminescence"Journal of Geophysical Research. 108・E12. doi:10.1029/2003JE002156 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Sugita, P.H.Schultz: "Interaction between Impact-Induced Vapor Clouds and the Ambient Atmosphere 1 : Spectroscopic Observation"Journal of Geophysical Research. 108・E6. doi:10.1029/2002JE001959 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Sugita, P.H.Schultz: "Interaction between Impact-Induced Vapor Clouds and the Ambient Atmosphere 2 : Theoretical modeling"Journal of Geophysical Research. 108・E6. doi:10.1029/20O2JE001960 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sekine.Y., S.Suigta, T.Kadono, T.Matsui: "Methane production by large iron meteoritic impacts"Journal of Geophysical Research. 1O8・E7. doi:10.1029/2002JE002034 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hashimoto, G.L., S.Sugita: "On observation of compositional variation in Venus crust using nigh-side near-infrared thermal radiation"Journal of Geophysical Research. 108・ E9. doi:10.1029/2003 JEOO2O82 (2003)

    • Related Report
      2003 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Sugita, P.H.Schultz: "Initiation of Run-Out Flows on Venus by Oblique Impacts"Icarus. 155. 265-284 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Kadono, S.Sugita, M.Fuyuki, S.Ohno, Y.Sekine, T.Matsui: "Vapor clouds generated by ablation and hypervelocity impacts"Geophysical Research. Letters. 29. doi:10.1029/2002GL015694 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Sugita, P.H.Schultz: "Interaction between Impact-Induced Vapor Clouds and the Ambient Atmosphere I : Spectroscopic Observation"Journal of Geophysical Research. (印刷中). (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Sugita, P.H.Schultz: "Interaction between Impact-Induced Vapor Clouds and the Ambient Atmosphere II : Theoretical modeling"Journal of Geophysical Research. (印刷中). (2003)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 杉田精司, 大野宗祐: "K/T絶滅事件はいかにして起こったか?"日本惑星科学会誌 遊星人. 11. 42-52 (2002)

    • Related Report
      2002 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2002-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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