Early solar system chronology

• Project/Area Number: 14340169
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: 地球化学
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: SUGIURA Naoji The University of Tokyo, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Professor, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (80196716)
• Project Period (FY): 2002 – 2004
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
• Budget Amount: ¥6,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,600,000); Fiscal Year 2004: ¥1,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000); Fiscal Year 2003: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000); Fiscal Year 2002: ¥4,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000)
• Keywords: solar system / meteorites / age / SIMS / extinct nuclides / cathodoluminescence / 年代測定 / 二次イオン質量分析 / オリビン / アノサイト

Research Abstract

The most important result of this project is the new data of the ^<60>Fe-^<60>Ni system. Chronological studies of early solar system based on extinct nuclides made considerable advances during the last decade. But there remain important issues. They are the origin of extinct nuclides and the distribution in the solar system. Unless wesolve these issues, we are not sure if extinct nuclides can be used for chronological purposes. ^<60>Fe is produced in supernova and not produced in other stars or by interactions of cosmic rays. Therefore it is best suited for solving the above issues. Recently there are several reports on ^<60>Fe in meteorites. However, there seem to be apparent contradiction among some of these reports if ^<60>Fe was homogeneously distributed in the solar system. In this study I measured ^<60>Fe-^<60>Ni system of meteorites with well-known ages and found that the ^<60>Fe abundance in the solar system where these meteorite formed, must have been smaller than that reported previously. Therefore, either we have to think that the solar system was heterogeneous with respect to ^<60>Fe, or some of the reported values were inaccurate. Certainly more studies are needed on this extinct nuclide.
I also made interesting observations based on cathodoluminescence (CL). Corundum, amoeboid olivine inclusions (AOAs), refractory forsterite (RF) and anorthite were studied with color CL images. From the corundum observation, condensation and accretion at the highest temperatures of the solar nebula were studied. From the AOA observation, we learned a lot about condensation of olivine in the nebula and also alteration in the parent body. From the RF observation, alteration processes of RF in the nebula were studied. Coupled with trace element analyzes, CL of anorthite showed a method of finding anorthite grains suited for Al-Mg dating.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Solubilities of nitrogen and noble gases in silicate melts under various oxygen fugacities : implications for the origin and degassing history of nitrogen and noble gases in the earth (2004)
  • Author(s): A.Miyazaki et al.
  • Journal Title: Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta 68 Pages: 387-401
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Si and Mg isotope fractionation in coarse-grained CAIs measured by SIMS (2004)
  • Author(s): N.Sugiura et al.
  • Journal Title: Geochimical Journal 38 Pages: 405-415
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Opaque minerals in LL3.0-6 chondrites I : Mineralogy of Ti-oxides and 53Mn-53Cr systematics of ilmenite (2004)
  • Author(s): M.Kimura et al.
  • Journal Title: Acta Geologica Sinica 78 Pages: 1082-1089
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Solubilities of nitrogen and noble gases in silicate melts under various oxygen fugacities : implications for the origin and degassing history of nitrogen and noble gases in the earth (2004)
  • Author(s): A.Miyazaki, H.Hiyagon, N.Sugiura, K Hirose, E.Takahashi
  • Journal Title: Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta 68 Pages: 387-401
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Si and Mg isotope fractionation in coarse-grained CAIs measured by SIMS. (2004)
  • Author(s): N.Sugiura, T.Mizuno, T.Ushikubo, H.Hiyagon
  • Journal Title: Geochem.J. 38 Pages: 405-415
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Opaque minerals in LL3.0-6 chondrites I : Mineralogy of Ti-oxides and 53Mn-53Cr systematics of ilmenite (2004)
  • Author(s): M.Kimura, N.Sugiura, N.Haruna, M.K.Weisberg
  • Journal Title: Acta Geologica Sinica 78 Pages: 1082-1089
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Solubilities of nitrogen and noble gases in silicate melts under various oxygen fugacities : implications for the origin and degassing history of nitrogen and noble gases in the earth (2004)
  • Author(s): A.Miyazaki, H.Hiyagon, N.Sugiura, K Hirose, E.Takahashi
  • Journal Title: Geochim.Cosmochim.Acta 68 Pages: 387-401
• [Journal Article] Si and Mg isotope fractionation in coarse-grained CAIs measured by SIMS (2004)
  • Author(s): N.Sugiura, T.Mizuno, T.Ushikubo, H Hiyagon
  • Journal Title: Geochem.J. 38 Pages: 405-415
• [Journal Article] Opaque minerals in LL3.0-6 chondrites I : Mineralogy of Ti-oxides and 53Mn-53Cr systematics of ilmenite (2004)
  • Author(s): K.Kimura, N.Sugiura, N.Haruna, M.K.Weisberg
  • Journal Title: Acta Geologica Sinica 78 Pages: 1082-1089
• [Journal Article] Mn-Cr chronology of five IIIAB iron meteorites (2003)
  • Author(s): N.Sugiura, M.Hoshino
  • Journal Title: Meteoritics & Planetary Science 38 Pages: 117-143
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Intercomparison of Boron Isotope and Concentration Measurements. Part II : Evaluation of results (2003)
  • Author(s): R Gonfiantini et al.
  • Journal Title: Geostandards Newsletter 27 Pages: 41-57
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Journal Article] Mn-Cr chronology of five IIIAB iron meteorites (2003)
  • Author(s): N.Sugiura, H.Hoshino
  • Journal Title: Meteoritics & Planetary 38 Pages: 117-143
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Journal Article] Intercomparison of Boron Isotope and Concentration Measurements. Part II : Evaluation of results (2003)
  • Author(s): Roberto Gonfiantini, Sonia Tonarini, Manfred Groning, Alessandra Adorni-Braccesi, Assad S.Al-Ammar, Marcus Astner, Sebastien Bachler, Ramon M.Barnes, Randy L.Bassett, Alain Cocherie, Annette Deyhle, Andrea Dini, Giorgio Ferrara, Jerome Gaillardet, Judith Grimm, Catherine Guerrot, Urs Krahenbuhl, Graham Layne, Damien Lemarchand, Anette Meixner, D.Jack Northington, Maddalena Pennisi, Eva Reitznerova, Ilia Rodushkin, Naoji Sugiura, Regina Surberg, Sabine Tonn, Michael Wiedenbeck, Samuel Wunderli, Yingkai Xiao, Thomas Zack
  • Journal Title: Geostandards Newsletter 27 Pages: 41-57
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] MIyazaki et al.: "Solubilities of nitrogen and noble gases in silicate melts"Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta. 68. 387-401 (2004)
• [Publications] Sugiura et al.: "Si and Mg BoTope fractionation in coarse-growned CAIs"Geochem.J.. (In press). (2004)