| Project/Area Number |
14350321
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Town planning/Architectural planning
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| Research Institution | KYOTO UN I VERS I TY |
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Principal Investigator |
TANAKA Takeyoshi Kyoto University Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Professor, 防災研究所, 教授 (70293959)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HARADA Kazunori Kyoto University, Graduate School of Engineering Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Associate Professor, 工学研究科, 助教授 (90198911)
WATANABE Jun ichi Matsushita Eledric Works, Ltd., Quality R&D Center, Researcher, 研究員
SUZUKI Kei-ichi Shimizu Corporation, Institute of Technology, Researcher, 研究員 (80416817)
渡邉 純一 松下電工(株), 品質R&Dセンター, 研究員
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2004
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2004)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥9,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2004: ¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥3,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥4,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,500,000)
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| Keywords | building fire / smoke transport prediction / multi-laver zone model / two-layer zone model / vertical temperature distribution / species concentration / ceiling jet / fire safety design / 多数室多層ゾーン / 煙流動 / 建築火災 / 予測モデル / 火災実験 / 火災ブリューム / コンピューターモデル / 火災プリューム / 火災性状 / 煙挙動予測 / 温度分布 / 開口噴流プリューム |
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| Research Abstract |
Traditionally, fire safety designs of buildings have been guided by prescriptive provisions set out in building and fire service laws. Recent years, however, demands for more rational and cost-effective designs have become stronger reflecting the notable progress in fire safety engineering and worldwide trend of performance-based fire safety design practices have developed. It is noted that fire models such as 'two layer zone models' and 'CFD models' have played a great role in the new fire design practices. The former, which predicts fire physic behavior of smoke transport by considering an upper and lower layers in each room of a building as control volumes, have been most popular in fire safety design practices because of its undemanding computational burden although it can only predict average physical properties of the two layers. On the other hand, the latter have been more powerful to investigate fire behavior in detail because it can give a great amount of information on fire p
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henomena although its computation is significantly demanding.
In this project, a new smoke transport model was developed based on multiple layer concept. It can give more detailed information than two layer zone models such as vertical distributions of temperature and species concentrations in rooms and ceiling jet temperature while maintaining the undemanding nature of two layer zone models in computational time and data input. In this model, each room in a building is divided into arbitrary number of horizontal layers. The physics relating smoke transport were mathematically modeled letting each horizontal layer as a control volume to establish a formula set of the model and a computer model was developed for numerical computation of the model. Incidentally, the fire plume in this model continues to rise until hitting room ceiling unlike the uniform mixing in the upper layer of a fire plume assumed in the existing two layer zone models. The predictions by the multi-layer zone model were compared with the results of a full-scale fire test conducted in this project and some of the existing experiments with satisfactory agreement. This model is evaluated to be a potential candidate of new generation smoke transport to be used in fire safety designs of actual buildings. Less
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