| Project/Area Number |
14405016
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 海外学術 |
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| Research Field |
系統・分類
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| Research Institution | Independent Administrative Institution, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology(JAMSTEC) |
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Principal Investigator |
YOMAMOTO Hiroyuki JAMSTEC, XBR, Group leader, 極限環境生物圏研究センター, グループリーダー (30182645)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KATO Kenji Sizuoka University, Science, Professor, 理学部, 教授 (70169499)
X CHIUA Hiroshi International Christian University, Science, Professor, 教養部, 準教授 (00103698)
HANADA Satoshi National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Research Center, Biological Research, Senior Scientist, 生物機能工学研究部門, 主任研究官
KAMAGATA Youichi National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Research Center, Biological Research, Senior Scientist, 生物機能工学研究部門, 主任研究官
HIRAISHI Akira Toyahashi University of Technology, Ecology, Professor, エコロジー工学系, 教授 (40283486)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2003
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2003)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥5,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥2,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥3,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000)
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| Keywords | thermophiles / chemosynthesis / photosynhtesis / Virus / biogeography / phylogeny / New Zealand / Australia / hot spring / quinone / 16S rRNA |
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| Research Abstract |
The research for thermophilic prokaryotes and virus has been carried out in hot-spring fields of the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ), New Zealand, and the Great Artesian Basin (GAB), Australia. The groundwater system in the GAB heated by non-volcanic geothermal energy harbors many kind of thermophiles, e.g. bacteria and archaea, chemotrophs and phototrophs. The 16S rDNA library from the geothermal groundwater revealed that the majority of microbial clone closely related to hydrogen utilizing prokaryotes (e.g., methanospirillum, Hydrogenobacter and Hydrogenophilus). In the thermal water stream poured out from borehole, phototrophic bacteria (e.g., chloroflexus, cyanobacteria) created typical microbial mats which are similar to the mat forms in any other volcanic hot springs. The volcanic hot-springs filed of TVZ is a famous area for tourism, but its condition has been regulated to keep the original environment. The microbial mats formed by chemolithtroph and phototrophs are found abundantly in the stream and lake of geothermal water. The photorophic microbial mats found in the lake consisted of several morphotypes of cyanobacteria. The in situ experiments by diffusion chambers suggest that the phototrophs dominate the primary production of geothermal lake (water termp: 47-48℃) rather than chemolithotrophs or heterotrophs. The virus or virus-like particles have been found copiously in many aquatic environments included the hot-springs. The hot springs water of TVZ contained virus like particles as same as other hot spring water. This suggest that the virus is a common member of thermal microbial community, and may exert to regulate the population size and organize lateral gene transfer.
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