| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000)
Fiscal Year 2003: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 2002: ¥1,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000)
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| Research Abstract |
The purpose of this study is to consider characteristics of administrative systems of China under Mongol Rule through edicts for appointment high officials.
In Xiantait o ngji, Nantaibeiyao and Yuandi a nzh a ng, there are 49 edicts for appointment of high officials of the Dai-on ulus (the Yuan Dynasty). These edicts have the following feature.
1. Language: (a) A sort of translationese Chinese in Mongolian word-order (the late Irinjin called it "hard translational style"), (b) Classical literary Chinese, and mixture of these two languages.
II. Style: Type A: (1) title, (2) date, (3) starting typical phrase (Intitulatio), (4) Publicatio, (5)Narratio, (6) Inscriptio, (7) Dispositio-I, (8) warning, (9) Dispositio-2, (10) last typical phrase; Type B : (1) title, (2) date, (3) suggestion by official (of Censorate), (4) approval of Emperor, (5) last typical phrase Type C: (1) title, (2) date, (3) starting typical phrase, (4) appointment by Emperor, (5) last typical phrase. Strictly speaking, in type B, only part (4) is an imperial edict.
These 49 edicts are a sort of notice which informs officials concerned of the appointment of high officials (most of them are Censors-in-chief). Their styles are almost completely different from the style of the Tang and Song Dynasty. The Dai-on ulus (the Yuan Dynasty) adopted new style of edict. Type A corresponds to Matsukawa's the Daiyuan-Ulus (the Dai-on ulus ) Style in the Mongolian edicts. Also Type B and Type C almost correspond to the style Ono advocated.
In brief, the conclusions are as follows.
(1) In Appointment of high officials, Emperors of Yuan Dynasty issued Mongolian edicts. The edicts for appointment of high officials in Xiantait o ngji, Nantaibeiyao and Yuandi a nzh a ng are translations from Mongolian edicts. (2) Many translations from Mongolian edicts are contained in other Chinese books in the Mongol-Yuan Period. The future direction of this study will be extraction and analysis of these edicts.
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